Gender, the Environment, and Sustainability Economics Essay

Gender, Environment, and Sustainability
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The role of gender in promoting the environment and facilitating sustainability has been addressed in the selected resources. For instance, it has been suggested the need for changing the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as a measure of economic activity; an effective system should include other elements that influence human well-being outcomes such as abate poverty, health, and resources. Besides, regarding community-based institutions for environmental management, it has been found that women are more conservationists than men and that they use different social networks available in society to address issues affecting the environment. Additionally, it has been asserted that women and nature receive the same treatment in neoclassical economies; this is mainly because they are invisible and that they are considered as resources that should meet the need for both male and human beings. Additionally, the development of feminist ecological economies has made it possible to search theories and develop policies that are critical in promoting the sustainability of economies.
Each of the selected articles has laid down questions that are critical in comprehending issues related to gender, environment, or sustainability. For example, the article “Estimates of the Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI) for Oregon from 1960–2010 and recommendations for a comprehensive shareholder’s report; by Kubiszewski et al. has key questions which include What are the issues associated with using Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI)? What are the advantages of GPI? And How different is GDP from GPI? Additionally, the resource “Conceptualising Environmental Collective Action: Why Gender Matters” by Bina Agarwal provides critical questions that include the What are the effects of emerging community-based institutions of managing and controlling natural resources for promoting efficiency and equality? What factors are essential for initiating and promoting community actions in community-based institutions? How do moral values, trust, and social networking influence sustain cooperation of communities in managing natural resources? Besides, the questions set in the article “Feminism, ecology and the philosophy of economics” by Julie A. Nelson include How is nature and family sphere related? What is the association between women and nature? What are some of the proposed solutions to the current environmental crises?
Also, Patricia E. Perkins, in her article “Feminist Ecological Economics and Sustainability,” she has brought forward key questions regarding feminist ecological economics. These include What are the contributions of feminist work towards environmental economics? What is a sustainable socio-economy? Moreover, the resource “Gender, Agricultural Production and the Theory of the Household” Christopher Udry has also raised critical questions related to agriculture production and Pareto efficiency; these include How does allocation of factors of production affects productive activities of the household? Why do plots controlled by women yield lower than those controlled by men? Also, the article “The Gender and Environment Debate: Lessons from India” by Bina Agarwal has provided critical questions that can help understand the relationship between gender and environments; these include What relationship do women have with the environment? How is women’s relationship with the environment different from that of men? Lastly, the resource “How does gender affect the adoption of agricultural innovations? The case of improved maize technology in Ghana” by Doss and Morris examine how gender can influence innovations in agriculture. Some critical questions from this article include What are the factors that influence the rate at which women and men adopt agricultural-related technologies? Are farmers’ adoption decisions be influenced by household structural variables?
There are different main arguments made by the authors; for instance, it has examined that are there are numerous issues that are associated with Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI); these include subjectivity when differentiating costs from benefits. Besides, using GPI in assessing economic progress may have numerous advantages, which include that it is easily comparable to the GDP of a country, and it also helps in implementing indicators that are hard to track, such as well-being. Additionally, Bina Agarwal explains that women are more connected to nature than men, and this makes them more conservationist. Furthermore, Agarwal also asserts that women have unique soc...