Terrorism: The Psychological Effects of Terror Events as Disasters
The goal of this paper is to write your opinion on a Homeland Security issue that we did not previously cover in this course without using first or second person. In this paper, you get the opportunity to write your point of view on the material reviewed during the week – and the best part is that there is no wrong answer! This paper is your opinion, and as such, it is your job to express your thoughts in a manner that is comprehensible and clear for any and all readers. Feel free to write your thoughts freely, without any constraints.
After you finished the readings you selected for the week, it is time to brainstorm. Some simple brainstorm techniques for writing reflection papers can involve you answering some of the basic questions below:
How did the material on a Homeland Security issue affect you?
Did your learning about the material on a Homeland Security issue change your mind about something? If so, how.
Has the material on a Homeland Security issue left you with any questions? If so, what are they.
Were there any unaddressed critical issues not covered by the material on a Homeland Security issue?
How will the material on a Homeland Security issue impact your future in Homeland Security?
Components of the Reflection Paper
Introduction - specifies what you are reflecting upon.
Body Paragraphs – examines the ideas and experiences you have had in context to your topic. Be sure that each new body paragraph starts with a topic sentence. Remember that your paper must be at least 2½ pages long and no more than 3 pages so clear and concise writing is critical.
Conclusion – summarize what you have learned from the material. Tell the reader how this knowledge affected your overall understanding of the subject. Describe the feeling and overall lesson that you had from the material on a Homeland Security issue.
Technical Requirements:
Your paper must be at a minimum of 2½ pages and a maximum of 3 full pages. It is important that you do not fall under or exceed the required page length since in the world of Homeland Security your readers, Homeland Security professionals and decision-makers have limited time to spend on a paper and learning to write concisely, and presenting your paper in a manner that matches their reading style is critical.
Type in Times New Roman, 12 point and double space. One-inch margins left, right, top, and bottom.
No direct quotations.
All paraphrases require a reference. All references require a paraphrase.
Terrorism: The Psychological Effects of Terror Events as Disasters
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Terrorism: The Psychological Effects of Terror Events as Disasters
The biopsychosocial effects of catastrophic events call for an investigation into the consequences of mass traumas. Examining these effects helps design psychosocial interventions to address vulnerable community and individual needs. Because intervening with all affected by disasters at a personal level is impossible and undesirable, developing a systems approach that guarantees perception and response at all levels is ideal (Hoffman & Kruczek, 2011). Many counseling psychology models that illustrate coping with terror events focus on individual consequences and do not correctly apprehend the composite impacts of large-scale appalling events and disasters. The article ‘‘A bioecological model of mass trauma’’ provides a conceptual framework for understanding the effects of traumatic events and disasters and developing appropriate intervention and preventive measures.
The article gave room for identification of various traumatic events, their consequences on their mental health, and the risky behaviors linked to them. The effect of mass trauma on humans has been studied for eons. From an individual viewpoint, studies that have examined traumatic events like sexual assaults, accidents, community disasters, terrorism, war, and community violence have found that exposure to terror activities can subject individuals to mental conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), leaving the affected individuals in a devastating state. Based on the reading, psychological and physiological responses to these events can vary widely.
The article establishes that social context, past experiences, biological factors, and future expectations interact with features of traumatic experience to generate a psychological response. Generally, individuals exposed to traumatic events exhibit high rates of PTSD, acute stress disorder, major depression, and anxiety and panic disorders (Hoffman & Kruczek, 2011). Some have resorted to substance abuse as a coping mechanism, leaving them with substance use disorder (SUD). These behavioral health concerns present career challenges, relationships, and other life aspects. Understanding the nature and consequences of terror events enables a person to explore effective interventions. Counseling psychology has been used to help individuals with these conditions live peacefully. The field uses trauma therapy to help affected persons deal with the difficult events. It is worth noting that trauma counseling allows individuals to validate their emotions, evaluate their coping mechanisms and resist suppressive behaviors.
In addition to traum...