Social Science: MY 4-1, 4-2, 5-1 & 5-2 POSR

 MY 4-1, 4-2, 5-1 & 5-2 POSR Name Institution Date MY 4-1, 4-2, 5-1 & 5-2 POSR 4-1: The major similarities in symptoms between depressive and bipolar disorders include the presence of sadness and emptiness or irritable mood. These symptoms usually go with by somatic and cognitive changes that affect individual normal functioning (Manning, 2015). The major differences between bipolar disorder symptoms and depressive disorder symptoms include the duration, the timing and recognized etiology (Manning, 2015). Depressive disorder symptoms are distinguished from bipolar disorder based on the history of agitated reaction or elevated mood. Bipolar disorder symptoms include the presence of a manic episode accompanied by major depressive episodes (Manning, 2015). Bipolar disorder manifest as periodic illnesses that are detached from mood perturbation different from the typical presentation of mood that occurs during a manic episode (Manning, 2015). 4-2: specific counseling techniques used when working with a person with depressive and bipolar disorder includes being calm and reassuring (Stapinski et al, 2015). When having conversations with clients, counselors need to develop an empathic approach, start conversation slowly using general and non-provocative topics before proceeding gradually to the main topic after the client becomes comfortable to talk about the issue, this process will remove their blinders (John Wiley Library, 2013). Counselors need to be keen to identify and know when to respond to any visible symptoms of depressive and bipolar disorder. The counselor needs to understand the level of sensitivity of client's phobic nature and what triggers such situations (Vaz, & Crockford, 2017). When handling clients with depressive and bipolar disorder, counselors need to use a combination of addiction counseling with medication and mental health treatment. In addition, the counselor needs to gradually introduce coping skill to help clients participate in comm...