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U-3 assignment Neuroscience

Essay Instructions:
Your assignment should use the Unit 3 Assignment Template and should include the following elements: Prepare your assignment in a clear and organized manner. Your responses should reflect professional writing standards, using proper tone and language. The writing and writing style should be correct and accurate, and reflect knowledge of skills and practice of the neuroimaging techniques. Your selected articles should be relevant to the chosen topic. Your article summaries should be clear and accurate. Reference page: Sources listed in current APA format. Include a minimum of four scholarly or academic sources to support your responses and conclusions. Use current APA formatting and citation style. GEL-6.04: Evaluate the usefulness of resources. Annotated Bibliography In this activity, you will delve into the fascinating field of addiction neuroscience by examining research journal articles that employ various neuroimaging techniques to investigate how addiction impacts the brain. You will gain insights into the structural and functional alterations within the brain associated with addiction and substance use disorders. In addition, this will deepen your understanding of addiction neuroscience and its application in real-world contexts, providing you with valuable insights into how neuroimaging techniques contribute to our comprehension of addiction-related changes in the brain. This assignment will allow you to assess suitable sources to see if they are helpful and provide valuable insights that go beyond just being credible. You will evaluate the strengths and limitations of various neuroimaging techniques and explore the ways in which the material from your reference sources will offer new ideas or ways to provide information that might be valuable in your future career. For this assignment, use the Unit 3 Assignment Template as you practice finding articles in the library, finding information in articles, and writing an integrated summary. An integrated summary should not list the results of each article one by one but should instead integrate together the results, as you see in introductory sections of articles. Following this, you will identify further questions on the topic that could be explored. Assignment Steps Topic Selection You may choose a specific aspect of addiction or substance use that interests you. It could be related to a particular substance (e.g., opioids, alcohol, nicotine), a specific population (e.g., adolescents, adults, individuals in recovery), or a particular aspect of addiction (e.g., craving, withdrawal, relapse). Or, you may choose to focus on substance use in general. Search for Journal Articles Utilize the PG Library to search for research journal articles. Focus on studies that use neuroimaging techniques to investigate your chosen aspect of addiction or substance use. Article Selection Criteria Select three research journal articles that meet the following criteria: Published within the last seven years to ensure the currency of the research. Employs neuroimaging techniques such as CT scans, PET scans, EEG, MRI, fMRI, TMS, etc., to investigate addiction-related changes in the brain. You must choose at least two different types of neuroimaging. Provides insights into the specific aspect of addiction or substance use you have chosen. Article Summary Write a brief summary of each selected article, including: The research question or hypothesis. The neuroimaging technique(s) used. The reason you choose this source. Discuss how the source contributed to your understanding of the content, and how it addressed information gaps or provided unique insights. Comparative Analysis Compare and contrast the findings of the selected articles. Discuss any converging or diverging results between the studies. Critical Evaluation Critically evaluate the strengths and limitations of the neuroimaging techniques employed in the articles. Assess whether the techniques have limitations in studying certain brain regions or functions, as some methods are better suited for specific types of research questions. What are the strengths and risks/weaknesses of this method of neuroimaging in this study? How did the information from this source provide concepts that could be beneficial in your future profession? Reference List Provide an APA formatted reference list for the selected articles and any additional sources used. Please review and follow the assignment requirements in the next tab titled Assignment Details
Essay Sample Content Preview:
Unit 3 Assignment Name: Topic: The neurobiological mechanisms underlying nicotine addictionThe neurobiological mechanisms underlying nicotine addiction Research Articles Article 1 APA Reference of Article: Liu, H., Guan, L., Nie, Y., Li, Q., Xue, J., Yang, Y., Rong, S., Liang, J., Guan, Y., Zhai, F., Ren, Y., An, Z., Dong, Z., & Han, Z. (2022). Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Nicotine-Dependent Individuals and Its Correlation with Polymorphisms of Dopamine D Receptor Gene. Contrast media & molecular imaging, 2022, 2296776. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2296776 What is the research question or hypothesis? The study hypothesized that various brain regions and networks are implicated in nicotine addiction processes. Further, the bilateral thalamus, right parietal, and left lens gram-molecule volume (GMV) were negatively correlated with smoking index. What are the neuroimaging technique(s) used? Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) What are the main findings or information of the article? The MRI findings indicated that in both smokers and individuals with different levels of nicotine dependence, the affected parts of the brain primarily involved pathways associated with responses and the limbic system, resulting in cumulative impacts on the central nervous system. Furthermore, research showed a connection between the M6275 polymorphism of the DRD2 gene and vulnerability to nicotine addiction among the Chinese population, with the M6275-C allele demonstrating a protective influence against susceptibility to nicotine addiction and the initiation of smoking. Why did you choose this source? This article was chosen for its comprehensive analysis of neuroimaging studies on nicotine addiction, which provides insights into the brain regions and networks involved in addiction processes. Critically evaluate the strengths and limitations of the neuroimaging techniques employed in the article. This study anchors its strengths on the assessment of a large sample frame. With more participants included, it was possible to explore wide variations. However, the complexity of fMRI data analysis can be a barrier for researchers who are not trained in neuroscience or computational methods. Also, the findings cannot be absolutely correct as fMRI signals may be influenced by factors other than neural activity, such as blood pressure or motion artifacts. How did the information from this source provide concepts that could be beneficial in your future profession? The study combined findings from multiple fMRI samples to highlight changes in reward-related brain areas associated with nicotine addiction. The study explored regions such as the ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens. The information is important because it addressed knowledge gaps by looking into the significance of individual differences in addiction vulnerability and the possible influence of treatment strategies on brain function. Article 2 APA Reference of Article Uhl, G. R., Koob, G. F., & Cable, J. (2019). The neurobiology of addiction. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1451(1), 5–28. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13989 What is the research question or hypothesis? The research hypothesized that there are structural brain changes associated with nicotine dependence. What are the neuroimaging technique(s) used? Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) What are the main findings or information of the article? The research identified gray matter alterations in key brain regions, such as the prefrontal cortex and insula, in individuals with nicotine dependence compared to non-smokers. Why did you choose this source? Discuss how it contributed to your understanding, and how it addressed information gaps or provided unique insights. This study was chosen to help with a better understanding of the structural c...
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