Seminar 9 PS-515

Level III 100 % SYNCHRONOUS SEMINAR ● Attended for the entire session. ● Actively participated throughout the Seminar by sharing relevant content and/or asking questions. ● Comments/responses or answers followed netiquette policy and were on topic. OR ALTERNATIVE ASSIGNMENT All of the following are true: ● Alternative assignment describes the main points discussed in the Seminar. ● Assignment includes sub-topics and/or subsequent classroom discussion from the entire Seminar. ● Assignment includes points found of interest about the unit content and/or any additional reflections or questions about the unit content. Note: Points may be adjusted by the instructor if specified criteria in the level are not met. Transcripción Greetings, greetings, greetings. We are finally in Unit 9. There is one more unit to go keep pushing. We are definitely at the home stretch. So of course, I wanna definitely address the elephant in the room. I had an emergency come up that will prevent me from conducting our live seminar, and I apologize for that. But I still wanted to record. So you can receive the additional unit for the additional unit information for Unit 9. Again. I am so so, so so sorry! Life happens. But at the same time I wanted you to get what you needed. So let's go ahead and talk about our readings for this particular unit. So for this unit, you must read Chapter 11, observational learning and rule govern behavior. You will also need to revisit the section in on Bandura's Social learning, theory and chapter one and review the ethics code for behavior analysis. So again, chapter 11, observational learning and rule, governed behavior and also revisit the section on Banduro's Social Learning theory in chapter one and review the ethics code for behavior analysis. So let's go ahead and talk about Unit Nine's discussion. So after you have completed the readings, post your initial response to the following discussion. your post should respond to all parts of the topics in complete sentences. It should extend the group's discussion by including original thoughts or ideas with support from academic outside sources and or course materials. Remember to include your in-text Apa style reference. Remember, you cannot have an in-text citation without a reference, or vice versa. After completing your initial post, you must respond to at least 2 peers on 2 different days. With that said this week you will need to discuss how behavior is often altered indirectly, which will need an examination of observational or social learning. you will need to define and give an example of observational learning, contagious behavior, and stimulus enhancement. You must also discuss how you could influence the development of a fad in children, teens, or adults, so a fad might include wearing specific clothing or consuming a new product, such as a new cell phone. Be sure to describe the fed in detail. Back in the day there was a clothing line called cross colors that everyone loved to wear at that time you had Fubu. You had baby fat that was out back during that time all the girls love to put on a baby fat outfit. So I know all about fats. I had a high. flat top back in the day because I wanted to be like hidden play. So those types of things still go on today. So address the elements of observational learning involved and indicate factors influencing whether observers will attend to a model's behavior. Like always. I am looking forward to reading your discussions, although I'm unable to be available for a live seminar, I am still going to be able to peek in and read your discussions and reply back to you. So I definitely look forward to seeing your thoughts, your perspective shared amongst your peers, and let your imagination run wild on this particular discussion as always. So you will also need to complete this unit's learning activity, to prepare for this week's assignments. So for Unit 9 assignment. You will need to create a 5 to 7 slide narrative in Powerpoint. So a Powerpoint presentation via Coulter, based on the provided case study. You must give a presentation to fellow Aba students at a case management meeting. It's getting good. You all is getting good. You must give a presentation to your fellow Aba students at a case management meeting. So you will need to follow this case study. So event is a newly registered behavior technician who has recently started shadowing Cindy. A Veteran board. Certified Behavior analysis employed at the best Behaviors clinic for 15 years. Event accompanies the Bcba on a home visit. The client is Jack, 18 year old boy, diagnosed with autism. He also has several life-threatening food allergies. So as they enter the home, Yvette notices that the Bcba embraces Jack's 2 younger siblings and his parents. As the family is cooking dinner, Cindy is invited to join them in the kitchen, which she does. She asks Yvette to meet with Jack in the other room. The BC. Bcba. Checks casually with Jack's parents, seemingly Updating them on her son's recent soccer win and her wife's new job. Cindy finally asks how the family has followed Jack's behavior intervention, plan his parents share that Jack has been stealing food that he is allergic to, and becomes aggressive when he is not allowed to have it. The Rbt. Notices that half the time for the home visit passes before the Bcba. Joins her in the other room with the client. The visit is concluded without the Bcba. Making notes, and no paperwork is immediately completed. Yvette later comments to her Rbt. Colleagues at the clinic, that she felt very out of her depth, working with a client with problems, eating behaviors. As she has no prior experience. She also commented on the Bcba's casual behavior with the family. So, when completing this assignment, address the following in your presentation. now, you will need to identify at least 3 ethical and one legal issue. In this case you're going to indicate which Apa ethical codes apply and explain why. Explain what specific action needs to be taken. And why describe observational learning and discuss its role in this scenario? Evaluate how your personal background contribute to your perspective on this case study. I hope you all are excited, as I am right now, because this is an amazing opportunity. I know some of you all are already working with autistic parent patients or individuals with developmental delays. And so I'm really excited to see you all hit all of the elements within this particular case of identifying at least 3 ethical and one legal issues in this case. Now, as a follow up, you would need to present this in a Powerpoint form. you need a title, slide and Content slides between 5 to 7 slides, nothing less. nothing more. And a reference slide. You would need to have a minimum of 2 scholarly academic sources, the textbook and an fus code for behavior analysis. Remember Arial or Times, New Roman, 24 point font. You will need to have bullet point on slides. Avoid crowded slides, please, and cite sources on each of your slides. No speaker notes are required. Their narrative will be through culture video. Just so you know, I have posted the template will be in Unit 9 discussion. Okay, that will be pinned. So as always, you can go back to that particular template and just copy over it. Please use it. It's already formatted for you. Okay. I have more information to share regarding this assignment. Only culture videos will be accepted. Let me say this, one more time. Only culture videos will be accepted. Your video should show both you and your Powerpoints. since you would need to narrate your presentation. It is important that it has a professional flair. Since you are presenting to fellow Aba students at a case management meeting. This is a meeting. Okay, professional. This is a meeting. So please allow me to elaborate even more. If you do not have a solid wall you can sit in front of. Please use a professional background, ensure there are no background noises such as pets, chirping or dogs barking, or other household members. Speaking again, professional. This is a meeting again. Remember, you are presenting this to fellow students. So you will need to upload your Powerpoint and Culture video in your unit 9 assignment dropbox. Do not allow. Upload your video to the culture class gallery. Submit your culture video via the textbook by selecting insert stuff and then choosing insert culture. So let me provide you with a couple of slides. All right. I want you to take all of this in, because I've seen this numerous of times. Special note refer to the culture Student Guide for information on assessing and recording in culture. For how to video refer to your course resource page. You can access information such as culture, basic accessing and recording in culture, the student guide culture express capture. adding and editing captures and culture uploading culture videos into the discussion board and uploading culture videos in the assignment dropbox. All of these resources will provide you with everything you need to be an expert in recording your assignment. Now, with that being said, I have seen time and time again where people are not. You know I've had students not even record a video, but just send me their assignment. Just a Powerpoint. That's half of the assignment you are not narrating. All of the components of this particular assignment needs to be done. Please do not wait to the last minute, because it's going to show in your work. Get this done as quickly as you can, so that in the event you run into issues with uploading, or you're getting glitches and things as such. You have time to contact it to see if it's an it situation, or or maybe I need to read up on some more information to better work. This particular application. Do not wait to the last minute. Please do not just upload your Powerpoint without you narrating again. This is a meeting. Please be professional. And again I'm excited. I'm I'm so looking forward to seeing you all in the reverse seat, because you all are so used to seeing me talk and do a seminar every Thursday. Now I get an opportunity to watch you all. And so I am so looking forward to this assignment. Now, if you are having any issues again, please don't wait till Monday or Tuesday to email me about your issues, because at that time is, you know, you're kind of working up against time. So please. don't do that. Take advantage of all the resources so that you can upload this particular assignment correctly and accurately. And again I look forward to to seeing your assignment. So let's go ahead and and dig into tonight's seminar topics. So we will discuss observational learning. social factors that influence learning, including impact of one's background on observational learning and ethical and legal issues involving the application of learning techniques. Yes, yes, some exciting topics that we're about to cover. So let's go ahead and start with observational learning, social learning, theory, and social cognitive theory are concepts related to how individuals learn from their environment and experiences. Remember, I always say that we all have our own lived experiences, even if you are a twin to another person. Their lived experience could be totally different from your lived experience. Siblings, brothers again. again, even if you're raised in the same home with a sibling, your lived experience could be totally different from there. So observational learning. This is a type of learning that occurs through observing others, behaviors and the outcomes of those behaviors. It suggests that individuals can learn new behaviors without direct experience, simply by watching others and imitating their actions. Key elements include attention, noticing the behavior. retention, remembering what was observed, reproduction being able to perform the behavior and motivation, having a reason to imitate the behavior so social learning theory proposed by Albert Bandura. This theory emphasizes that learning occurs in a social context and can happen through observation, imitation, and modeling. It suggests that behavior is learned from the environment through the process of observational learning alongside cognitive processes. So social, cognitive theory. This expands on social learning theory by incorporating cognitive processes into the understanding of learning. It emphasized the role of reciprocal determinism where personal behavior and environmental factors influence each other. Bandura argues that individuals can control their own behavior and learn from observing the consequences experienced by others, so incorporating their thoughts and beliefs about their ability to succeed. which is self-efficacy. So all 3 concepts explore how learning occurs in social context with observational learning, focusing on imitation. social learning theory, emphasizing interactions and modeling and social cognitive theory, integrating cognitive processes into the understanding of learning. So when thinking of the mentions. now, although we're not live, I still want to see your perspective in your option to thoughts. So I want to see, can someone tell me how you think observational learning can impact your behavior in everyday situations. And can you provide an example from your own life where you learn something by watching someone else? Okay, now, you know, I love to share. So for me. I once learned how to cook macaroni and cheese by watching my grandmother prepare it, so I observed her techniques like grating fresh cheese. Nothing after pack, just fresh cheese and using particular spices. And then I tried to replicate those actions in my own cooking. Now, I like to say I'm from the south. When we make macaroni and cheese in my family we use egg and milk and cheese. and of course, elbow, macaroni, salt and pepper. but that main component of that egg and cheese. Yes, I said. Egg. Yes, I said, milk. Yes. and you bake that thing and that, and that macaroni and cheese. Get that nice crust on the top. whoo! Let me stop thinking about it right now. But yes, this experience taught me not only the steps involved in making this dish, but also the nuances of flavor that comes from those techniques. And I know that, depending on where you're from your family, your culture. I'm sure you make macaroni and cheese differently from my family. But we need that egg, and we need that milk. Okay? So so when thinking of the mentions. Although we're not live. I want you to just dig into this particular talking point. Okay, In prior classes. I've heard individuals say that they learned to work on cars. Some people said they learned how to cook. Some people said that they learned how to sew how to be a welder. You know how to do hair just by watching either a family member or a friend or a professional. So again, I want to know how you think observational learning can impact your behavior in everyday situations? And can you provide an example from your own life where you learn something by watching someone else, and this doesn't have to be something that you did as a child it could be something that you learned as an adult. Maybe you watched your wife. Maybe you watch your husband or your girlfriend, or your boyfriend do something, and you learned how to do it from just simply observing again, I want to see your thoughts and your perspective in our option. 2. Alright so observational learning, social learning theory. The Bobo doll, the Bobo Doll study, refers to a series of experiments conducted by psychologist Albert Ventura. In the early 19 sixties, which were designed to investigate observational learning and aggression in the most well-known version of the study, children observed an adult behaving aggressively towards a large, inflatable dog named Bobo. The adult would hit the doll. kick it, and engage in other aggressive behavior. After watching this behavior, the children were taken into a room with the Bobo doll, and were observed to see if they would imitate the aggressive action. They had seen the study, found that children who had observed the aggressive model were more likely to display similar aggressive behaviors towards the doll compared to those who had not seen the aggressive behavior. The findings supported Ventura's social learning theory suggesting that behavior can be learned through observation and imitation rather than just through direct reinforcement. So this study has had significant implications for our understanding of how media influence behavior, especially in terms of violence. And for me this is deep, because now, you see, rated R, or rated Pg, or rated Pg. 13. So now you see how people have etched out the viewing of material for certain age brackets. Another thought process is that's reasons why some parents don't believe in physical discipline, as they would say corporal punishment. because it is said by hitting a child. You're teaching a child how to hit. That's why some parents watch what they say in front of their kids, because then their kids start picking up some of the language, even though it may not be the best language to pick up. So This particular study really showed how watching and observing children can learn, and this study was conducted between the ages of 3 and 7 children were sit down in front of this particular doll. just to see what they would do after seeing someone aggressively kick and hit this dog. If you want to read up more on this, Albert Albert Mendora is the psychologist that conducted this particular study so observational or social learning theory, primarily developed by Albert Mendora, emphasizes the importance of observing. modeling, and imitating the behaviors attitudes and emotional reactions of others. Pandora's research suggests that much of human learning occurs in a social context through observation rather than direct experience or reinforcement. So one of the key components of Bandura's theory is the concept of reciprocal determinism which indicates that behavior. personal factors and environmental influences all interact to shape learning a landmark study by Bandura, known as the Bobo Doll Experiment, demonstrated that children who observed aggressive behavior toward a doll were more likely to imitate that behavior. Highlighting the impact of social modeling. Mendora also introduced the idea of self-efficacy which refers to an individual's belief and their ability to succeed in specific situations. This belief can significantly influence motivation and behavior, making the observation of others success or failure crucial for learning. There is nothing wrong with self-advocating for yourself, or having that self advocacy so overall Bandura's work established, that social learning is a vital process that extends beyond direct reinforcement. emphasizing the role of observation, and how individuals acquire new behaviors and skills. So, although we're not live, I still want to get your perspective. So based on Bandura's observational learning theory. how do you think social media influences, the behavior and attitudes of young people today. you know that young people today are so impressurable like, it doesn't take much. So again, how do you think social media influences the behavior and attitudes of young people today? So let's talk a little bit more about this. So social media profoundly influences young people's behavior and attitudes through observational learning mechanisms. So users frequently encounter influencers and peers, modeling various behaviors, lifestyle choices and attitudes on platforms like instagram tiktok Facebook and Youtube. This exposure can lead to imitation, as young people often seek to emulate those they admire. For example, if a popular figure demonstrates confidence in their appearance or promotes a particular belief. Their followers may imitate this behavior. believing that adapting similar attitudes will yield social acceptance or personal success. This aligns with Bandora's concept of self-efficacy. When young users see others succeeding or thriving in specific areas, they may feel more capable of achieving similar outcomes. Now let's stretch this a little bit right cause. We don't have to be young to be influenced by what we see. We can be adults. We can be right in our self being like to see something on social media and say. Wow! Either. I want my hair cut like that, you know. I can't do this so much with mine. But but you but you but you know what I'm saying so like, either I want my hair cut like that, or I want that shirt. I want those shoes. Those jeans are kind of hot. or I want that car, or I want to be fill in a blank. I want to be whatever. You know, I want to be a race car driver, or a model, or a this a rapper, or that. It is easy for not only young people to fall in this trap. But us as well. We're human. We have won'ts, we have wounds, even though we're adults. We still have wounds in our knees. So social media can reinforce behavior through immediate feedback, like likes and comments. When a user shares a post that aligns with a popular trend and receives positive reinforcement. It can boast their confidence and encourage continued engagement in that behavior. Yes, us liking it can make that individual feel like, hey? I need to do it again. They like what I'm doing. However, it's crucial to recognize the potential negative impacts as well. Exposure to aggressive behavior, unrealistic standards or unhealthy coping mechanisms can lead to imitation of those adverse behaviors, particularly if young people don't have a strong sense of self-efficacy or critical thinking skills to distinguish between positive and negative influences overall social media is a powerful social environment where observational learning constantly takes place, significantly shaping the attitudes and behaviors of. although the topic, says, young individuals. It could be people just like us adults. It can happen all right again. I am looking forward to reading your perspective on this particular topic. So Albert Bandura's work, indeed, combines both behavior and cognitive perspectives. On learning. His social learning theory emphasizes the role of observation and modeling in learning, suggesting that individuals can learn through direct experience and observing others. This blends behavior concepts like reinforcement and punishment with cognitive processes, such as attention, retention, motivation. bandura's emphasis on self-efficacy also highlights the cognitive aspect as it relates to one's belief in their ability to succeed in specific situations. So Albert Bandura formulated the social learning theory based on his findings, which emphasizes the role of observational learning, imitation and modeling in behavior acquisition. His model includes a 4 step process. So we have attention. The individual must pay attention to the behavior being modeled. Factors that enhance attention include the model's characteristics, the observer's level of interest and the complexity of the behavior. Then we have retention. The observer must be able to remember the behavior after observing it. This involves encoding the behavior into memory. so it can be recalled later reproduction. The observer must have the ability to reproduce the behavior they witness. This step involves converting the memory of the observed behavior into actual performance. Then we move to motivation. Finally, the observer must have a reason or motivation to replicate the behavior. Factors, such as rewards or punishments, can influence the likelihood of the behavior being reproduced together. These steps illustrate how both cognitive and operant views of learning are integrated in Bedora's theory, highlighting the importance of social context and cognitive processes and learning behaviors. So Bandura's observation, social learning, social cognitive theories, a 4 step pattern that combines a cognitive view and an operant view of learning real life examples could be. Again, remember, I spoke about learning how to cook macaroni and cheese, so examples could be learning to cook a new recipe. New employee learning a new work, skill, addiction. and eliminate poor behavior. Nevertheless, I want to hear from you. Okay, again, real life. Examples of of how we see, and how we do think about how a child learns to tie their shoestrings. They have to watch. you know they have to have that timeframe where they recall, reproduce. and then motivation to have that shoe stay on. Because if it's not tied, they're going to either trip or come out of them. So again, real life situations. All right. So when thinking of the previous slide, I want you to pick which answer you which question you want to answer so. But please let me know which one you're going to. Talk about. Okay. So when thinking of retention strategies. what techniques can you use to improve your retention of behaviors or skills. You've observed. That is one question that you can choose from, or when it comes to the reproduction of behavior. In what ways. Do you think practice affects the reproduction step? How can someone practice a new behavior effectively after observing it? Then we have, when it comes to the role of motivation. Why is motivation important in social learning? Can you think of a situation where you were motivated or unmotivated to replicate a behavior you observed. So you have a couple of questions to choose from. Just let me know which strategy you're going to do, whether it is retention, strategies, or reproduction or roles of motivation. So let's let's talk about retention strategies there. So several techniques can be helpful to improve the retention of behaviors or skills observed. One effective strategy is taking detailed notes immediately after observing the behavior. So I know that's what you all are already doing right now you're taking those amazing notes on what I'm discussing. Okay. hit here. That's what you are doing. Right? Right? Okay? So when we talk about retention, we're talking about taking those detailed notes immediately after observing the behavior, reinforcing memory retention. Additionally, mental rehearsal. visualizing the steps involved in the behavior can solidify connections in memory. Then we have teaching the behavior to someone can also enhance retention, as it requires a deeper understanding and recall of the information finally creating a structured practice schedule helps to reinforce the learned behavior. Regularly. then we move to reproduction of behavior. So practice plays a critical role in the reproduction step of learned behavior. The more someone practices a behavior, the more natural it becomes, which is essential for effective reproduction. Effective practice involves deliberate and focused repetition, setting specific goals, breaking down the behavior into manageable steps and using feedback either from self reflection or from others. can improve mastery, engaging in role play scenarios or simulations also for practical application, reinforcing learning. and then we move to role of motivation. So motivation is crucial in social learning because it determines whether an individual will attempt to replicate and observe behavior. A strong motivation can lead to persistence, especially in challenging tasks, while lack of motivation may result in avoidance or disengagement. For example, I felt highly motivated to replicate a public speaking technique, I observed during a workshop to improve my presentation skills. In contrast, I was unmotivated to adopt a complex exercise routine. I saw online due to a lack of interest and perceived difficulty. This highlights, how personal motivation impacts the likelihood of behavior replication. Again, I'm so looking forward to hearing your your perspective. Whatever question you answer, just make sure you let me know. Is it retention, reproduction, or role of motivation? All right. So many social factors influence learning. We have social norms and expectations. And then we're in 2025, what is normal anyway? But again, social norms and expectations, of course, we have peer influence. Even even as an adult, we can be peer pressured. Media and technology is literally right at our fingertips. So media and technology can influence learning, then we have role models and mentors role models and mentors, diversity and inclusion. social support, collaborative learning environments, cultural influences and community opportunities. A lot of social factors influencing learning. I mean, just just think about it. We're always learning. If you, if you look at it from this perspective. there is no in role or in game when it comes to learning, because your mind is always churning, you're always learning or picking up something. So let's move into ethical and legal issues so ethical and legal issues surrounding the application of learning techniques are increasingly important. especially in fields such as education and psychology. So understanding and addressing these ethical and legal issues is essential for the responsible application of learning techniques ensuring they are used for the benefit of all individuals involved. So we have the Bacb, Fs code for behavior and analysis is a set of guidelines established by the Behavior and Analysis Certification board. So to ensure that behavior analysis adhere to professional ethical standards, the code outlines the responsibilities of behavior analysis in various areas. The code serves as a framework for ethical decision making and helps behavior analysis navigate complex situations in their professional practice. For the most accurate and detailed information. It is best to refer to the official BA. Cb. Website or the latest version of the Ethics code. So we also have the Apa code of ethics. Apa you. All code of ethics established by the American Psychological Association provides guidelines that psychologists must follow in their professional work. It is designed to protect the welfare of individuals and groups with whom psychologists work, ensuring that their practices are ethical and responsible. The code contains specific ethical standards that outline responsibilities in areas such as professional relationships, assessment, research and teaching violations of the code can lead to disciplinary action by the Apa. For more detailed information, you can refer to the official Apa website which provides access to the full text of the guidelines and standards. So, nevertheless, there are several key ethical and legal considerations to consider when speaking of one's organization code of ethics for individuals who are in fraternities or sororities. You all have some type of code that you all must adhere to at work. There is some type of ethical code that you must adhere to, especially those who have patience, or those who work more so on the line of the medical field you have hipaa. There are so many codes that hold us to responsibility, of course, ensuring that people's privacy and confidentiality is set to protect them. Of course, you know, informed consent, consent for minors, equity, and fairness. And so data, privacy and security biases and discrimination. All of these things are key ethical and legal considerations that must be explored to ensure that you are remaining in line with one's code of ethics. So good stuff right here. So I got one more thought that I would love to hear from you all. So what are some of the key ethical and legal considerations that psychologists must consider when applying learning techniques? Again, what are some of the key ethical and legal considerations that psychologists must consider when applying learning techniques. All right. This is a good one, because again, I know that many of you all work. With patients. Currently. I have heard some amazing stories. Of you all on your job and how you work with patients. And we've talked about several things surrounding classical conditioning and your patient's behaviors and their actions. So immerse yourself into this particular conversation, thinking about your key, ethical and legal considerations. When applying learning techniques. So let's let's talk about let's talk about when psychologists apply learning techniques and the things that they must consider when we talk about key ethical and legal considerations. So number one. I kind of already mentioned this on our previous slide. You have your informed consent. Psychologists must ensure that clients or research participants understand the nature of the learning techniques, including any potential benefits and risks informed consent should be obtained before implementation. Just think about all the times. You've gone to the doctor, and you had to sign some type of informed consent. Those of us who have tattoos we have to sign some form informed consent consenting to. We will get this tattoo we're acknowledging we're signing off on it. We want them to do this to us. So again informed. Consent is important, important, then we move to confidentiality. protecting clients. Privacy is paramount. Psychologists must safeguard personal information and ensure that any data collected during the learning process is kept. Confidential. Confidentiality is important again. especially in the workplace. You don't want people telling your salary information, or if you have been reprimanded, any type of discipline. Documents you may have in your own personnel file. You do not want that to happen. So ensuring confidentiality is important. Then we have competence. Practitioners should use should only use learning techniques that they are trained and qualified to implement continuous education and self-reflection on their skills and knowledge are vital. Again, you do not. Won't your dentist trying to diagnose you with the flu. because that's not their wheelhouse. Dentistry is their wheelhouse just like you wouldn't want your your doctor, who you go for colds and flu to try to do dentistry work in your mouth. That is not their purview. So, being competent to say, Hey, this is this is what I do, and I'm sticking to that. This is my skill set is always important. Then we have culture, sensitivity, understanding and respecting clients. Cultural backgrounds is essential. Techniques should be adapted when necessary, to be culturally appropriate. There are certain cultures in which you must speak to the man 1st before speaking to the wife. There are certain cultures that maybe you nod instead of giving a handshake. So being able to be cultural, sensitive is so so so important. Then you have client autonomy. Psychologists should respect clients autonomy by involving them in the decision-making process regarding their learning and treatment plans. You gotta tell me what my plan is, and that needs to be a full body conversation that we have right? So client autonomy is important, then we have legal compliance. Psychologists must adhere to relevant laws and regulations governing their practice, including those related to minors, mandated reporting and data protection. Again, legal compliance. Then we just have professional boundaries come on. Now, professional boundaries, maintaining clear professional boundaries, is crucial to avoid dual relationships that could impair judgment or create conflicts of interest. Professional boundaries, boundaries. By addressing these considerations, psychologists can ensure that their application of learning techniques is ethical, effective, and aligned with legal standards. Again, we're not live, but I still want to hear your perspective. I'm gonna be reading your option. 2. So please let me see your perspective. I look forward to reading all of that. So we are finally at the end of Unit 9 seminar. So thank you so much for your time. Please post any course related questions in the virtual office under discussions. If you have any personal or grade related questions, please email me, I will try to get those responded to within 24 h again. I am so, so, so so sorry, that I am unavailable, due to an emergency to go live for Unit 9. I hope that I kept the same energy. I definitely miss you all hearing your voices and your thoughts and your perspectives during our talk to me segments. But please know that you can email me again. Get your activity done. Don't wait to the last minute. Please please get all of your stuff done because this activity could give you a challenge in regards to if you wait to. The last minute, however, is an exciting, exciting activity, and I look forward to looking over all of your activities have a safe week. and I see all your perspectives in your discussion. Forums talk to you all later. Have an amazing day.