Piaget’s Stages of Development, Classical Conditioning, and Operant Conditioning Principles
Psychology learning outcomes and answers
Piaget’s stages of development: (Keep the question headings for ALL the topics found below))
Define and describe Piaget’s stages of development. Why it occurs.
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Discuss how it can be applied to explain behaviour and mental processes in our daily life.
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If your concept, theory etc (for example, Piaget's stages of development) has more than one or more stages, describe the differences between them.
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Discuss any critics against the concept or theory.
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Discuss 3 common misconceptions students often have with this concept.
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(Give examples to support your answers for all the above questions)
Classical conditioning
Define and describe the process. Why it occurs.
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Discuss how it can be applied to explain behaviour and mental processes in our daily life.
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Describe the differences between before, during and after conditioning.
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Discuss any critics against the concept/process.
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Discuss 3 common misconceptions students often have with this process/concept.
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(Give examples to support your answers for all the above questions)
Operant conditioning principles
Define and describe Operant conditioning principles (reinforcement/punishment – positive, negative, schedules of reinforcement), advantages/disadvantages. Why it occurs.
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Discuss how it can be applied to explain behaviour and mental processes in our daily life.
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Describe the differences between the Operant conditioning principles (reinforcement/punishment – positive, negative)
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Discuss any critics against the Operant conditioning principles.
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Discuss 3 common misconceptions students often have with Operant conditioning principles.
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(Give examples to support your answers for all the above questions)
Major theories of emotions (there are four main theories, so answer all the five questions for these four theories)
Singapore Social Work: Psychology
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Singapore Social Work: Psychology
Piaget's Stages of Development
Definition and Occurrence
Piaget stages of development is a psychology theory that indicates that children undergo four stages when growing up. The stages include sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational (Pastorino & Doyle-Portillo, 2021). The theory occurs since children's development into adults must undergo a step-by-step process of learning and developing skills.
Application in Behavior and Mental Processes
The theory explains behavior and mental processes by illustrating how a child behaves and their mental abilities in every stage of development. For instance, in the sensorimotor stage, a child has the mental ability to understand how to learn about their body where they depict physical sensational behaviors (Oogarah-Pratap et al., 2020).
Differences in Theory's Stages
The stages in Piaget's theory are different in that they build an extensive and distinctive child development process. For instance, the sensorimotor stage sees the child develop self-recognition, while the preoperational stage sees the child develop language and mental imagery (Oogarah-Pratap et al., 2020). On the other hand, the concrete operational stage sees the child develop logical thinking, while the formal operational stage sees a child become an adult with abstract thinking aspects.
Critics Against Theory
Piaget's theory has been criticized for not fully acknowledging children's abilities. For instance, researchers have found out the theory limits a child's cognitive abilities at every stage.
Common Misconceptions