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Psychology
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English (U.S.)
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Topic:
DB Unit 6 PS-563
Essay Instructions:
Designing Chaining and Shaping Procedures to Teach New Skills
In this discussion, you will refer back to the client that you selected from the Unit 3 discussion:
Jamie, a 15-year-old teenager with a mild intellectual disability, is learning to use public transportation independently.
Alex, a 6-year-old child with Prader-Willi Syndrome, has difficulty tying their shoes. Their parents have tried several times to teach Alex, but they still struggle with the task.
Yara, a 7-year-old child diagnosed with autism, has difficulty brushing her teeth independently.
Samir, a 16-year-old teenager diagnosed with Down syndrome, is interested in learning to prepare a simple meal independently.
Create a plan for your client, using a chaining procedure to teach the target skill. Include the following in your discussion response:
What kind of chaining procedures will you use? Provide a brief rationale for your selection.
Develop a task analysis to use as part of this procedure that can be used to collect the necessary data and attach to your post.
Explain how you would validate the task analysis you created (e.g., how you would determine what steps need to be completed for the skill). Remember to individualize your TA according to the age, skill level, and prior experience of the individual client.
Select one component of the behavior chain that may require shaping. Develop a set of technological procedures to support the implementation of the shaping process, including the use of prompting, prompt fading, and differential reinforcement.
Essay Sample Content Preview:
DB Unit 6 PS-563
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DB Unit 6 PS-563
Chaining Procedure Selection
Yara will learn toothbrushing through a forward chaining approach. This teaching approach enables her to understand one phase at a time while building mastery, leading to independence in each step. Forward chaining serves Yara well by teaching her how to follow this routine while teaching her new habits step by step.
Task Analysis
A detailed task analysis (TA) will be used to track progress and ensure consistency in teaching. The steps include:
1 Picking up the toothbrush
2 Applying toothpaste
3 Turning on the faucet
4 Wetting the toothbrush
5 Brushing the front teeth
6 Brushing the back teeth
7 Brushing the tongue
8 Rinsing the mouth
9 Rinsing the toothbrush and putting it away
Data collection will track prompts used (verbal, gestural, physical) and levels of independence.
Validation of Task Analysis
Direct observation will monitor Yara's performance at each step to validate the task analysis, ensuring accuracy and completeness. Feedback from caregivers will also be collected to identify any challenges Yara faces during the process. Additionally, video recordings of Yara's toothbrushing sessions will be reviewed to pinpoint areas for improvement and track her progress over time.
Shaping Component
Brushing top teeth (Step 3) represents a section of the behavior sequence that needs shaping as part of the...
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