PAD 633 (6-2)

PAD 633 (6-2) Student’s Name Institution of Affiliation Course Name & Code Instructor’s Name Date PAD 633 (6-2) Question One Since the climate change program requires funds, vertical and horizontal competition exists. Horizontally, all the agencies compete for funds to protect the environment from negative energies. For example, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is fighting for funds to regulate manufacturing, processing, and distribution and how firms use chemicals and other pollutants (Dean et al., 2020). On the other hand, the Department of Energy (DOE) is competing for finances to help it manage the nuclear infrastructure and administer energy policy. The local governments are also competing for funds to execute authority in protecting the environment. In addition to horizontal competition, there is also vertical competition among the agencies. For example, some agencies compete for funds from the state government, while others compete for funds from the local government. For example, the Environment Protection Agency mainly sources funds from the state since it is mandated to protect the environment in the whole country. Similarly, the Department of Energy is sourcing funds from the state since it protects the whole country's environment. However, the local government only uses the resources allocated to the particular region since it is mandated to control that area. Trade-offs help to have adequate program funding since they prioritize some programs over others by employing cost-effectiveness, strategic goals, and expected outcomes. One benefit is that they help in resource optimization since they assist in allocating finances to the program that has the best value for money. Moreover, they help in strategic alignment by ensuring the funds have been invested to attain the long-term objectives. Furthermore, trade-offs can promote innovation and improvement since individuals can find the most efficient way to attain goals using limited funding. Trade-offs also help in risk management since it helps to avoid the risk caused by funding one program. Moreover, since trade-offs include stakeholder engagement, they help build consensus, where the stakeholders offer the project the required support. This process helps attain the program's sustainability in the long run. Question Two The governance structure usually affects the organization's success since it determines how the rights and responsibilities would be distributed among various organization participants. The agencies, state government, and local government are included in the decision-making because they are mandated to formulate and implement climate-related actions and rules while ensuring that firms follow these policies. Private business partners and manufacturers are also invited to make decisions since these decisions will affect their profitability and how they will run their businesses. Similarly, advocacy groups and environmental organizations are included because they play a major role in protecting the environment. The general public is also included in the decision-making since they are the major victims of the policies that will be applied. This governance structure is outstanding since it involves all the stakeholders. This process is effective since it will help attain quality decisions because the stakeholders offer valuable insights that only some decision-makers could be lacking. Moreover, it helps the organization to make all the stakeholders feel that their views have been included in decision-making. It will give them ownership and commitment towards the policy, which could reduce their chance of resistance. Furthermore, it helps to have transparency and accountability since the decision-making is open and inclusive. The stakeholders will also know who to hold accountable if the policy fails to go as planned. This process also helps increase compliance chances since the policy aligns with stakeholders' expectations. The climate change policy is also efficient because it has used minimum resources, effort, and time to reach the expected goal of transforming the climate. Therefore, the policy has a high level of success because it is both effective and efficient, which are the main factors influencing its success. Question Three Even though there are various funding models, climate change policy gets its money from Grants. The government, corporations, foundations, and the general public have offered funds, which have helped in the policy's initiation and implementation. Even though this model offers sub...