PAD 2-1 SHORT PAPER

PAD 632 Module Two Short Paper Guidelines and Rubric Overview In this short paper, you will apply each of the three decision-making models (rational-comprehensive theory, incrementalism, and mixed scanning theory) discussed in the module resources to the provided scenario. Scenario The transportation system in the city of Newtown is at a critical juncture. Various social, economic, political, and equity issues interact to create a complex challenge for the city. Each of the following dimensions contributes to the overall difficulty in implementing effective reforms: Social Issues: The outdated infrastructure and vehicles create unreliable service, which dissuades people from using public transportation. This unreliability particularly impacts vulnerable populations who rely on public transit for their daily commutes to work, school, or healthcare services. The complicated and costly fare system further limits access for low-income individuals, exacerbating social disparities. Economic Issues: The outdated and inefficient public transportation system hinders the city's growth. It deters potential business investments and affects the local economy by reducing workforce mobility. The increase in population puts additional pressure on the system, leading to congestion and increased travel times, which, in turn, decrease productivity. Despite high initial costs, implementing a new program is a long-term investment that could spur economic development by making the city more attractive to businesses and residents. Political Issues: Politically, the situation is fraught with challenges. The significant financial investment required to upgrade the transportation system may need to be addressed by various stakeholders, including taxpayers wary of increased taxes or spending cuts in other areas. Elected officials may be hesitant to support measures that could be unpopular or prioritize long-term benefits over immediate gains, especially with upcoming elections. Navigating these political waters requires a delicate balance, with the city council needing to build consensus and effectively communicate the benefits of the proposed changes. Equity Issues: The current state of Newtown's public transportation system presents significant equity issues. Its insufficient coverage of the city leaves marginalized neighborhoods further isolated. These areas often have fewer alternatives to public transit, making residents more dependent on a failing system. The complex and expensive fare system disproportionately affects those least able to afford it, which deepens social inequalities. Ensuring equitable access to reliable transportation is a crucial goal that requires redesigning the system to prioritize the needs of all residents, particularly those historically underserved. Directions Craft a short paper in which you analyze each of the three policy decision-making models discussed in the module readings to identify which is most appropriate for addressing the policy challenges in the scenario. Specifically, you must address the following rubric criteria: Analysis: Apply each of the following decision-making approaches to resolving Newtown's public transportation system issues. Identify at least one example of how each decision-making approach could be used to address either the social, economic, political, or equity issues described in the scenario. Rational-comprehensive theory Incrementalism Mixed scanning theory Evaluation: Compare and contrast each of the three decision-making models in terms of how effectively they might address the policy challenges in the scenario. Include consideration of the costs and benefits, feasibility, and the potential for successful implementation in your evaluation. Recommendation: Recommend the most appropriate decision-making model for the scenario. Justify your recommendation with specific reasoning and evidence. What to Submit Submit your short paper as a 2- to 4-page Word document with double spacing, 12-point Times New Roman font, and one-inch margins. Sources should be cited according to APA style.