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Topic:
Evaluating Statistical Procedures
Essay Instructions:
Step 1. Identify
It is important to know which statistical procedures are appropriate for your research design and your hypotheses. Apart from the tests themselves, you must also know if the tests assume equal variances, if they are one tailed or two tailed, and the means of which variables will be compared for statistically significant difference or correlation.
Identify an appropriate statistical procedure for your selected design and justify its use by citing similar studies which used it as well.
Step 2. Evaluate
Explain the procedure’s non-parametric equivalent and when it might be used. Determine the extent to which you think you will be able to collect sufficient data to use a parametric or non-parametric version of the test. Which assumptions tests must be performed or met if the procedure’s parametric version can be used?
Step 3. Determine
Describe the assumptions tests which must be met. For example, is the sample large enough? Is it normally distributed? Does it meet the requirement of equal variances? If not, what limitations would this introduce to your study? Compose 1-2 paragraphs about the statistical test appropriate for your design. Choose from the following:
t-test (paired/dependent or two sample/independent)
ANOVA
Pearson’s r
Should the data not meet assumptions testing, what are the non-parametric alternatives for these tests? Does Excel support them in its Analysis ToolPak?
Step 4. Prepare
How might you need to prepare your data for analysis in Excel? For example, if rows are not sorted by the testable groups, will you need to resort the rows? Do you need to clean up any other aspects of the data? Compose one paragraph about data preparation.
Step 5. Explore
Explore tutorials for how to conduct the appropriate procedure using Excel. Use Microsoft’s Office tutorials, YouTube videos, and resources on the Learning Objects page to prepare for analyzing the data in the next module. Explore installation of Excel’s Analysis ToolPak. Compose a paragraph explaining your comfort level of using Excel to conduct your statistical tests.
Step 6. Submit
Use APA format for your essay, including the title and reference pages, and include at least three scholarly citations. Submit your essay.
Essay Sample Content Preview:
Evaluating Statistical Procedures
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An Appropriate Statistical Procedure
The appropriate statistical procedure for the correlation design is Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Research affirms that Pearson's correlation describes the strength of the linear association between the independent and dependent variables (Šverko et al., 2022). Similarly, Rahadian et al. (2023) conducted research using Pearson correlation to determine the correlation between image encoding selection and anomaly detection. Pearson correlation assumes homogeneity if the researcher uses a parametric test. The statistical procedure incorporates a two-tailed since it determines the difference in the variables without relying on presumptions. The research will use the p-value to establish the statistical significance of the correlation to determine the linear association.
Spearman’s rank order correlation is theorized as a non-parametric method that the researcher can use to assess the strength and direction of the variables in the research. The non-parametric method investigates measurements that a study derives from an ordinal scale (Song & Park, 2020). The extent to which the data will use non-parametric methods includes when the data does not rely on the assumptions. Firstly, Pearson correlation requires meeting assumptions, such as the data needs to assume a normal distribution. Secondly, the data needs to have independence of observations to ensure the researcher collects data on external factors and declining standardized test scores. The independent and the dependent variables need to assume a linear relationship to ensure that the study implements a parametric method.
In Pearson correlation, the assumptions ...
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