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Short Answer Questions Student’s Name Institution of Affiliation Course Professor Date Short Answer I: Surface Culture and Subcutaneous Culture It is the part of the culture that is seen or learned on the surface or is the most apparent part of the culture, including foods, dress codes, language, and fests. These are the elements that are most easily observed when people bump into a new culture. On the other hand, extrinsic culture refers to the far-reaching aspects of culture that are relatively unhidden and are therefore easier to observe, such as values, beliefs, patterns of thoughts, and practices that go along the way in shaping and molding the people's outlook, and behavior within the society. Knowing children's deep culture should always be a priority for early childhood professionals. It helps them provide domains where the other aspects of a child's cultural self-identity, like the roles we play in our families, how we communicate, and what is expected of us, among others, may be valued and developed. As such, an understanding of these factors enables child professionals to be more responsive in their support and intervention, thus enhancing the children 's developmental needs through culturally appropriate work. Short Answer 2: Culture and Children Matter It was also found that cultural environments play a significant role in the social, emotional, and cognitive development of children. Culture defines ways and patterns of expressing, managing, building, and viewing relationships as well as types of behaviors that are appropriate or allowed during the growth of SD in children. For example, some cultures allow children to be aggressive in showing feelings, while other cultures teach children to show no emotions. These cultural norms determine the way the children manage their feelings and emotions all through. Likewise, cognitive development is affected by cultural practices where some forms of learning are valued over others and some forms of problem-solving over others. For instance, a culture that supports group learning will help children learn the culture of sharing and collaboration while solving problems in a group. In contrast, a culture that promotes individualism or competition encourages children to be independent and self-reliant. Short Answer 3: Strategies for Dual-Language Learners The strategy that can be used in the classroom while teaching DLs is the use of visual aids to help the student learn. Besides, the use of pictures, charts, and symbols will assist in reaching out to such students because they will be able to comprehend the meaning of a specific word in the first language and the same word in the second language since they are learning a new set of words (Darragh, 2013). These visuals also help the students to associate each word they see and its meaning in a given context. Another method is the dual language books or any material that is in both the child's L1 and the L2. These resources promote the development of both languages at the same time and enhance the child's cultural affiliation to his or her home background as well as the learning context. Short Answer 4: Congolese Family's Cultural Experience Of the two culturally defined experiences that teachers and caregivers need to understand, Congolese families place a lot of importance on the family and the practice of religion. The provision of child care also involves more than the nuclear family in Congo because the culture embraces the inclusion of members of the more prominent family, especially relatives who may influence the children. Teachers have, therefore, to understand the significance of this network and include the family members in the process of education. Spirituality, which also focuses on religious beliefs, is also significant in the family's life since it not only determines their ethical standards but also their behavior in everyday life. Learning and valuing such religious beliefs in the classroom will ensure that such learners are comf...