Development Contrast of English Settlement in Chesapeake and New England
First Exam, Spring 2022
Please answer two of the following questions in organized, formal, analytical essays, of at least 800 words each, that you submit together as one file. I do not want you to simply list out page after page of facts and quotes. If you do that, you will not earn a high score, because you will have written a report. You need to think about these questions, draw on what we have covered, and provide convincing answers, backed up with evidence and specific examples, and cited. No citations means no passing grade.
This exam is about showing that you can think about some of the big ideas of the course so far, and deliver original thoughts. You have a while to write these, so I expect them to be well-written. Grammar and mechanics will be part of your grade.
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These are due Wednesday, March 9, at 5:40 PM, on Canvas. The lateness policy applies here, just as it does for your papers.
In the era of American independence, private citizens, and then state governments of the new country, began abolishing slavery in some states. In others, slavery did not just grow, but thrived. How do we explain these disparities in this new nation founded on a common set of beliefs and principles?
The English settled in both the Chesapeake and New England, but these regions developed quite differently and had notable distinctions not just in labor practices, but also in settlers’ motivations and goals. These contrasts were there from the early years of settlement, and became more pronounced with time. What are the major differences, and how do we explain them?
The American Revolution raised more questions about equality and human rights than it answered. What questions did it raise, and for whom? How were they answered?
Repercussions of the American Revolution - Human Rights and Equality
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Institutional Affiliation
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Instructor’s Name
Question 2
Development Contrast of English Settlement in Chesapeake and New England
The English who settled in Chesapeake and New England experienced varying growth rates because of the varying motive of land use, the type of labor used in farming, religion, and social composition CITATION Pro07 \l 1033 (Project, et al., 2007). The first distinction between Chesapeake and New England island. The Chesapeake's motive of land was distinct from the English of New England in that they were interested in owning large parcels of land that covered Connecticut, New Haven, Plymouth, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts Bat Colony. The English settlers of these areas were mainly interested in mining gold and silver which they hoped would help them in trading activities. They were also obsessed with land to discover the northwest link to Asia that would enable them to expand their enterprises. Their mission in land ownership was also motivated by their quest to discover the cure for syphilis and meaningful valuables that they could use for trade in Europe. In contrast, the settlers of New England had distinct motives regarding land acquisition CITATION Cob11 \l 1033 (Cobbs, Blum, & Gjerde, 2011). They were obsessed with artisan industries that entailed shipbuilding and carpentry. Hence, their mission was to identify land materials that could be beneficial to them regarding the expansion of artisan industry.
The differences between the Chesapeake and the New England settlers are also marked by labor. Upon their arrival, the settlers of Chesapeake realized that their land was swampy, thus not suitable for quintessential agriculture. With time, they discovered that the land could be suitable for tobacco growth which did well upon their trial. The growth of tobacco in the vast land led to the use of cheap labor by the Chesapeake settlers. They adopted a slave system in which the people who were interested in coming into America had to work in their farms for some years before being granted permission to get into the country. In contrast, New England was not marked by large farms and this drove most settlers to exercise small-scale farming and home-based industries such as printing and carpentry. Based on their home-based businesses, settlers of New England saw no need to employ people since their families provided enough labor force for their tasks CITATION Pro07 \l 1033 (Project, et al., 2007). This explains why slavery was not rampant in the northern part in comparison to the southern part.
Religion is another defining difference between the Chesapeake and New England settlers in the USA. The majority of the settlers in New England were Puritan Separatists who were looking for freedom in religion. During that period, the Church of England had separated from Catholicism which was the primary religion during the reign of Henry VIII. Hence, the primary religion of New England was mainly composed of Protestantism. It is worth noting that a protestant group wanted complete separation from Catholicism and it proceeded to create the Anglican Church which became a reality in 1692 CITATION Fon08 \l 1033 (Foner, 2008). The religious tone of New England was low since most people were not interested in the England Church. The settlers of New England felt that they were "more godly" than other colonialist groups such as settlers of Chesapeake. New England was predominantly occupied by people who were running away from persecution due to their religious faith. In comparison to Chesapeake, New England became grossly religious-based.
Social composition is another indicator of variations between Chesapeake and New England. Chesapeake region was preoccupied with the male settlement which was initially made up of businessmen and adventure seekers. It was ultimately occupied by slaves and servants who worked in tobacco plantations as a ticket for access to America. The region was characterized by disease spread due to poor working conditions of the slaves CITATION The76 \l 1033 (The Right of "Free Suffrage", 1776). This lowered their life expectancy levels as compared to the settlers of New England. The disease spread and tough labor conditions led to the sparse population as families seek a better environment that was free from diseases. Poor conditions of work and disease created instability in the region concerning the social organization. There were also massive social gaps between slaves and plantation owners. In contrast, the social composition of New England was different. This region was composed of colonialists and families which moved together. Hence, they were more prosperous as compared to settlers of the Chesapeake.
The exploration by the English and eventual settlement in Chesapeake was initially motivated by the urge to seize easy wealth as was with the case of the Spaniards. They attacked the Spanish ships as state-licensed pirates with the hope of securing goods and merchandise from them. Blinded by the notion of an effortless paradise where they could get food easily, require little clothing, and have the dormant natives work for them, the Englishmen settled but were eventually hit by reality; diseases, hunger, and a harsh environment. Things would not be as easy as they had envisioned. The Englishmen were untrained and some considered themselves "gentlemen" thus regarding manual labor below them. They were hard hit by pandemics, diseases, and a harsh environment which eventually only left 35 Englishmen alive and the rest dead. A new pack of settlers arrived with new supplies relieving the first group of their despair as they were almost giving up and returning home. Gradually, they opted to gro...