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Technological Advancement in Radiologic and Imaging Sciences: A History of MRI
Essay Instructions:
Create a timeline of historical growth in terms of technological advances in radiologic and imaging sciences similar to the timeline created in the Timeline Completion Assignment in Module 1. You may focus solely on MRI, CT, or Ultrasound, or include all three in your timeline.
1. Begin your timeline with the original concept of the MRI machine by Raymond Damadian in 1969 and the development of the first NMR machine by Paul Lauterbur in 1971, or with the development of CT with Godfrey Newbold Hounsfield using funding from EMI records (from Beatles sales) in 1971, or with the first application of ultrasound for medical purposes by Dr. George Ludwig in 1949.
2. Your timeline needs to include a minimum of 10 dates to receive a passing grade.
3. End your timeline with your own projections of how technology may evolve or develop to positively influence the imaging sciences.
Provide appropriate and scholarly sources to support your information. Remember that Wikipedia is not considered a scholarly source.
Essay Sample Content Preview:
Technological Advancement in Radiologic and Imaging Sciences: A History of MRI
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Introduction
The magnetic resonance scan (MRI) is a type of radiology technique that employs radio waves, magnetic waves together with a computer in order to develop images of structures of the body, especially the internal body parts. The scanner used to perform the magnetic resonance scanning is called the MRI scanner; it is a tube that is bounded by a huge spherical magnet. A patient lies on a moveable bed that is driven into the giant spherical magnet; the magnet then creates a magnetic field strong enough to align protons of hydrogen atoms which are predisposed to a beam of radio waves and as a result the several protons of the body are spun around as they produce a signal that is faint but enough to be detected by the MRI scanner receiver. This is where the computer picks up the information and processes it into an image that is then relayed onto the screen (Peeters et al., 1996).
The MRI scanner has come a long way and below we shall look at the watershed moments of the technique.
1969: Original Concept
Raymond V. Damadian, later to be credited as the inventor of the MRI scanner, conceived and purposed the MR scanner that would scan the body, for the first time in history. It is during Dr. Damadian`s research into sodium and potassium in living cells that led him to propose the scanner while performing experiments with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) according to Macchia et al. (2007).
1970: MR Scanner made Possible through Key Discovery
T1/T2 differences between normal and cancer are identified by Dr. Damadian while he was seeking a magnetic response signal difference on cancer which was already termed as an important disease and this further proved, for his critics, that MR technique was a subject worth building and marshalling support for after all.
1971, March: Major Article on MR is published
Science published Dr. Damadian`s findings regarding his work on T1/T2 on March 19, 1971 and highlighted the fact that T1/T2 differences dramatically overcame good old x-ray`s ability to produce clearer images of vital body organs.
1971, spring: A scanning Method is proposed
The voxel-by-voxel scanning method - a procedural set of instructions regarding the manner in which the scan would be carries out is proposed by Dr. Damadian (Baroni, 2009).
1971, September: Gradient Method Proposed
An incomplete set of instructions for gradient methods of Purcell, Gabillard and Carr for 1-dimension as pointed out in Lauterbur notebook.
1971: MR Patent Formally Filed for the First T...
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