Prone Position (PP) for COVID-19 Patients in Need of Oxygen

Prone Position (PP) for COVID-19 Patients in Need of Oxygen
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Introduction
Turning a sick patient in need of supplemental oxygen from their back so that they can lie on their abdomen is referred to as proning. Several studies have verified and listed the advantages of proning in the patient’s ability to take in oxygen by breathing with ease. The usage of an incentive spirometer is also another strategy in facilitating the uptake of adequate oxygen—patients who do not prone need to be intubated or placed in ventilation machines. Again, Proning and proper usage of an incentive spirometer are highly effective on the patients’ ability t to take in oxygen, compared to patients who are not prone.
A Comparison of Research Questions
Prone position (PP) poses benefits such as improved breathing which allows the intake of adequate amounts of oxygen, effective for Covid-19 patients who are non-intubated. PP has been shown to improve patient outcomes in patients who require oxygen (Siegmeister et al., 2021). The early awake PP in combination with the high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has been questioned whether it can effectively treat severe Covid-19. The study by Xu et al. (2020) found that early wake PP is effective even if the patient is on HFNC as it helps to increase the oxygen concentration in patients. The pros and cons of PP and whether the procedure is beneficial were looked at. The study revealed that for the patients to be prone, patients’ criteria should be provided. It might be dangerous for intubated patients to be prone. Additionally, patients with anatomic contraindications should avoid pronation at all costs (Venus et al., 2020). Another study looked at uncovering whether oxygenation can improve after prone positioning. The study showed that after PP, oxygenation rapidly increased after one hour. The oxygen saturation in the ten patients who had been selected to evaluate and depict the procedure’s effectiveness had risen to 94%, and eight out of ten patients did not need intubation (Damarla et al., 2020). Clarke et al. (2021) sought the effects of prone positioning on patients with COVID-19. The study revealed that prone positioning as part of management improves oxygenation and lung recruitment in patients who were invasively ventilated. Cammarota et al. (2021) conducted a study to find out the effect of awake prone position in patients with low oxygen concentration undergoing non-invasive ventilation (NIV) for acute respiratory failure related to Covid-19. It was found out that for sure, prone positioning improves gas exchange, but this may put pressure on the chest wall, thus reducing the comfort of awake patients in PP.
Seyller et al. (2021) studied the role of incentive spirometry in the treatment of Covid-19. He sought to find out the impact of deep breathing in reducing respiratory symptoms in patients with Covid-19. The study showed that the benefits of proning are achieved by reducing ventilation mismatch thus promoting sustained maximal inspiration and preventing collapse. Finally, a study was carried out to describe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in relation to the use of conscious and unconscious PP as a way of improving oxygenation. It was found to be an intervention that may help avoid the need for invasive ventilation and should be done early to improve oxygenation (Reece-Anthony et al., 2020).
A Comparison of Sample Populations
Siegmeister et al. (2021) conducted qualitative research using five different cases to evaluate the effectiveness of PP in the treatment of non-intubated patients with Covid-19. The second study, which aimed to determine whether early awake PP can be effectively used with HFNC, used seventy-nine patients who all had the coronavirus infection. Out of seventy-nine, ten were severely infected and received early awake PP combined with HFNC (Xu et al., 2020). The study found out that even when the patient is already on HFNC, early awake PP will increase the patients’ oxygen concentrations. Venus et al. (2020) used meta-analysis to investigate the pros and cons of proning and its benefits. The authors studied other research articles and found that proning may not be a successful strategy for all patients and that there is a need to create informed criteria which patients need to meet before proning. Damarla et al. (2020) selected ten patients to evaluate PP's effectiveness in Covid-19 patients. The study found out that there was an improvement in their oxygen levels and breathing. According to the study, oxygen levels increase rapidly after proning, and in one hour, oxygen saturations in the patients had increased to 94%. A qualitative study was done in the ICU, comprising twenty patients, all above eighteen years of age. They were invasively ventilated and underwent PP as part of their management. The study found out that proning was effective in improving oxygenation and should be used as part of treatment (Clarke et al., 2021).
Cammarota et al. (2021) conducted a qualitative and quantitative study of all adult patients admitted to ICU from February 2021 to March 2021 who were undergoing NIV as well as proning treatment. In another study done to find out whether deep breathing can reduce respiratory symptoms in pa...