Pathophysiology and Nursing Management of Clients Health
Case Study 1: Ms. A. is an apparently healthy 26-year-old white woman. Since the beginning of the current golf season, Ms. A has noted increased shortness of breath and low levels of energy and enthusiasm. These symptoms seem worse during her menses. Today, while playing in a golf tournament at a high, mountainous course, she became light-headed and was taken by her golfing partner to the emergency clinic. The attending physician’s notes indicated a temperature of 98 degrees F, an elevated heart rate and respiratory rate, and low blood pressure. Ms. A states, “Menorrhagia and dysmenorrheal have been a problem for 10-12 years, and I take 1,000 mg of aspirin every 3 to 4 hours for 6 days during menstruation.” During the summer months, while playing golf, she also takes aspirin to avoid “stiffness in my joints.” Laboratory values are as follows: Hemoglobin = 8 g/dl Hematocrit = 32% Erythrocyte count = 3.1 x 10/mm RBC smear showed microcytic and hypochromic cells Reticulocyte count = 1.5% Other laboratory values were within normal limits. Question Considering the circumstances and the preliminary workup, what type of anemia does Ms. A most likely have? In an essay of 500-750 words, explain your answer and include rationale Case Study 2: Mr. P is a 76-year-old male with cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure who has been hospitalized frequently to treat CHF symptoms. He has difficulty maintaining diet restrictions and managing his polypharmacy. He has 4+ pitting edema, moist crackles throughout lung fields, and labored breathing. He has no family other than his wife, who verbalizes sadness over his declining health and over her inability to get out of the house. She is overwhelmed with the stack of medical bills, as Mr. P always took care of the financial issues. Mr. P is despondent and asks why God has not taken him. Question Considering Mr. P’s condition and circumstance, write an essay of 500-750 words that includes the following: • Describe your approach to care. • Recommend a treatment plan. • Describe a method for providing both the patient and family with education and explain your rationale. • Provide a teaching plan (avoid using terminology that the patient and family may not understand).
Pathophysiology and Nursing Management of Clients Health
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Case One: Anemia Caused by Blood Loss
In the modern society, anemia has been one of the many conditions that have affected the community in the 21st century. Anemia is a disease that results from the deprivation of hemoglobin or red cells in the blood. The condition is increased from the deficiency of haemoglobin which is a component in the blood. Thus, the disease is often associated with many symptoms, but the major one is the lack of hemoglobin in the blood count. Hemoglobin is the entity that carries oxygen in the blood through the red cells, and if one is affected by this condition, there is deprivation of oxygen and red cells, hence fatigue and tiredness (Chang, 2014).
In case 1, Ms. A is suffering from anemia due to blood loss in her menstruation cycles and low count of red cells in her blood stream, resulting in fatigue and the regular intake of aspirin during menstruation cycle.
As a result of the many ideas and concepts in the diagnosis of her condition, the daily intake of aspirin during the cause of her gaming and during her menses illustrates the causes of the disease. Therefore, in order to understand the condition and increase the specification of the conditions affecting her development, the condition is very basic and common amongst older and younger health people. The circumstances through which the conditions occur are involving, and immediate action needs to be taken. Thus, in this condition of anemia caused by the deprivation of oxygen and red cells in the Ms. A’s blood have increased the situation and accelerated the condition.
Causes of the Anemia due to blood loss
There are many causes of blood loss that can reduce the amount of oxygen in the blood stream. The excessive loss of blood during the menstruation cycles is one of the significant reasons facilitating the spread and reduction of red blood cells in the body. The regular use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin is another essential condition and factor that is a catalyst of the condition. A constant use of these drugs may lead into a condition known as gastritis, which is the inflammation of the stomach, (Chang, 2014). Thus, it acts as the imbalance resulting in insufficient blood development in the body. Another cause is a low and reduction in blood pressure in the body; this affects the distributions and flow of blood in the body
Signs
As experienced by Ms. A, there are many symptoms that are an association with this condition. The major ones include low blood pressure, fatigue, and low energy levels in the body. The condition is paramount, and it prevents the development of red blood cells in the body. The low energy is a result of poor oxygen supply for breaking down food among many other aspects of energy production. Therefore, fatigue is associated with an elevated loss of oxygen and low blood pressure in the body, as experienced by Ms. A. Therefore, this is a major condition due to the loss of blood and low red cells in the body, (Chang, 2014). Thus, it is important to offer support and caution when it comes to the efficiency and development of necessary diagnosis and treatment plans. The power factor is offering the ideas of using shorter and no drugs during the playing times and diet issues. Increase the intake of red blood g...