Health: Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian Cancer
Name
Affiliation
Course
Tutor
Date
Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer is a disease that occurs when living cells in the ovary begin to multiply. The declaration of this disease is presented if the cells grow out of control leading to a severe tumor. The condition needs immediate treatment to avoid consequential spreading to all the other parts of the body that can lead to metastatic ovarian cancer. Just to mention, the ovaries are two reproductive glands in women's reproductive systems and are responsible for the production of ova and female hormones including estrogen and progesterone. This disease is the tenth most commonly diagnosed type of cancer among women around the globe and seventh-most prevalent in China (Pietrangelo & Cafasso, 2017). Various scientists have proved that twenty-two thousand women suffered from the tumor in 2017, with fourteen thousand dying from the effects of the diagnosed disease. This paper will discuss the risk factors associated with ovarian cancer, pathophysiological processes, clinical manifestations and complications and diagnostics of the disease.
Etiology and risk factors
Unfortunately, the exact cause of ovarian cancer has remained unknown to many clinical officers and carriers as well. However, some risk factors are resulting in a high prevalence of the disease (Pietrangelo & Cafasso, 2017). A family history of ovarian cancer may affect many generations leading to the high diagnosis of the disease along the family line. Obesity and personal past of uterine, colon and breast cancer put victims at high risk with the disease. The use of certain fertility drugs and no pregnancy results leads may result in the disease and finally endometriosis. Older people behold a very high risk of getting ovarian cancer because in most cases, the disease develops after menopause. The disease affects women only as its center of concentration is the female reproductive system. In some cases, ovarian cancer results in emotional and psychological effects on the patients.
Pathophysiological processes
In stage one of the disease, the cancer is just limited to one ovary but outgrows to both ovaries within the first development stage. As the stage gets to higher limits, the disease cells exist occur outside the ovaries. Stage two involves the development of the tumor to the pelvic organs in two phases. The first phase includes growing to the uterus and the fallopian tubes around the reproductive system. In the other phase, cancer develops into the rectum and bladder. This tumor gets severe as the development grows to other parts of the body. Ovarian cancer spreads outside the pelvic lining in the abdomen affecting the lymph nodes in stage three. At this point, the disease has already grown around the liver and the spleen as well. However, ...