Mendeliar Pattern of Inheritance Nursing Research Assignment

Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance
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Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance
Fundamentals of Genetics
Different characteristics that are found in organisms are inherited from their parents and their genetic lineage. The study of the way that these characteristics are inherited is referred to as genetics. Every other characteristic such as the eye color, earlobe type, or even the hair color among others are associated with specific version of a gene (Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance, n.d.). This gene is referred to as an allele and they are usually on the same part of a chromosome. A gene on the other hand can be referred to as a hereditary unit that consists of a sequence of a DNA, which occupies a specific location on a chromosome. This is also responsible for determining a specific characteristic that is going to be passed on to the organism in question. The alternative form of a gene is an allele (Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance, n.d.). This is located within a specific location on any given specific chromosome. This specific location on the chromosomes for the gene or the DNA sequence on the chromosomes is referred to as locus. When they are many, they are referred to as loci.
The chromosomes interact at specific locations, which have been referred to as alleles above. It is this interaction that then determines the appearance of the organism in question. For every other organism, there are a number of combinations of alleles which are present in the organisms’ cells, this is a characteristic that is referred to as genotype (Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance, n.d.). Where the alleles are identical, this is referred to as homozygous. Where the alleles are different, this can be referred to as heterozygous ("Genetics - Genetic inheritance - NHS Choices", 2017). The different genes in an organism form an organism that has unique features which are visible to eye or give a unique physical outlook of the organism, this is a characteristic that is referred to as phenotype. As such, an organism will have characteristics such as blue eyes, brown hair or black among other characteristics such as height or skin colour.
There two main types of alleles that are found in the DNA of an organism and these interact to give the organism a rather unique phenotypic characteristic. One of the allele types is referred to as dominant and this carries dominant gene and a recessive gene ("Genetics - Genetic inheritance - NHS Choices", 2017). A dominant gene has the preferred characteristics, while a recessive gene is one that has undesirable characteristics. A dominant allele as such will be denoted with a set of two capital letters, while a recessive allele will be denoted with a set of small letters. For example, a dominant allele will be denoted by the letters, TT, while a recessive allele will be denoted by the letters, tt (Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance, n.d.). Where the allele has a capital letter and a small letter, this is considered to be heterozygous. These three categories are referred to genotypes (Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance, n.d.).
Punnett square
For information on the genes to be passed on at the different loci, there has ...