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In 2-3 paragraphs, describe at least three characteristics of cognitive development in a typically-developing child at the infant/toddler stage (ages 0–2).

Essay Instructions:
Contact Information Please provide your contact information and date of submission below. Your Name: Your Email address: Date: Instructions This Competency includes a Short-Answer Response Assessment. Write your response to each prompt below—in the space provided. Beneath the prompts is the Rubric, which will be used by the Competency Assessor to evaluate your responses. Carefully review the Rubric rows associated with each prompt to provide a complete response. When writing your response, begin typing where it reads “Enter Your Response Here.” Write as much as needed to satisfy the requirements of the prompt (as defined in the Rubric). Be sure to support your responses with connections to professional sources in the narrative. Each response requires a reference (in APA style) to support your response. If you need additional information about how to correctly paraphrase, cite, and/or reference  sources, please visit the Walden Writing Center: http://academicguides(dot)waldenu(dot)edu/writingcenter/apa/citations  Note: Save this file as CD002_firstinitial_lastname, and upload it to this Assessment within the learning platform. For example, CD002_B_Smith. Short Answer 1 In 2-3 paragraphs, describe at least three characteristics of cognitive development in a typically-developing child at the infant/toddler stage (ages 0–2). Your Response Reference Rubric 0 Not Present 1 Needs Improvement 2 Meets Expectations 3 Exceeds Expectations Sub-Competency 2: Explain developmental and learning expectations and relevant influences within the domains of child development for infants and toddlers. Learning Objective 2.1: Describe key characteristics of cognitive development in typically-developing children at the infant/toddler stage. Description is not present. Description is vague or inaccurate. Description is clear and accurate and includes key characteristics of cognitive development at this stage. Demonstrates the same level of achievement as “2,” plus the following: Description includes clear examples of how characteristics are exhibited by children at this stage of development. Short Answer 2 Describe the physical growth and development that occurs in each stage of prenatal development. (Note: Write 1 paragraph for each stage.) Prenatal Stages: 0–2 weeks (Germinal period) 3–8 weeks (Embryonic period) 9 weeks to birth (Fetal period) Your Response References (follow APA style) Rubric 0 Not Present 1 Needs Improvement 2 Meets Expectations 3 Exceeds Expectations Sub-Competency 1: Explain developmental expectations and relevant influences within the domains of child development for children prenatal to birth. Learning Objective 1.1: Describe key characteristics of prenatal physical development. Description is not present. Descriptions of prenatal development in each stage are vague, incomplete, or inaccurate. Descriptions of prenatal development in each stage are clear, accurate, and provide an overview of major physical developmental changes associated with each stage. Demonstrates the same level of achievement as “2,” plus the following: Provides detailed information about physical developmental changes associated with each stage. Short Answer 3 Describe at least three characteristics of social-emotional development in a typically-developing child at the infant/toddler stage (ages 0–2). Your Response References (follow APA style) Rubric 0 Not Present 1 Needs Improvement 2 Meets Expectations 3 Exceeds Expectations Sub-Competency 2: Explain developmental and learning expectations and relevant influences within the domains of child development for infants and toddlers. Learning Objective 2.1: Describe key characteristics of social-emotional development in typically-developing children at the infant/toddler stage. Description is not present. Description is vague or inaccurate. Description is clear and accurate and includes key characteristics of social-emotional development at this stage. Demonstrates the same level of achievement as “2,” plus the following: Description includes clear examples of how characteristics are exhibited by children at this stage of development. Short Answer 4 Ms. Rogan is a new paraprofessional in a pre-school classroom, ages 3 and 4. Imagine you are the teacher in this classroom and, in 1–2 paragraphs, explain the characteristics of language development for this age group to Ms. Rogan. Your Response References (follow APA style) Rubric 0 Not Present 1 Needs Improvement 2 Meets Expectations 3 Exceeds Expectations Sub-Competency 3: Explain developmental and learning expectations and relevant influences within the domains of child development for preschoolers. Learning Objective 3.1: Explain characteristics of language development for preschoolers. Explanation of characteristics is not present. Response provides a partial explanation of characteristics of language development for preschoolers. Response provides a complete and accurate explanation of characteristics of language development for preschoolers. Demonstrates the same level of achievement as “2,” plus the following: Description includes clear examples of how characteristics are exhibited by children at this stage of development. Short Answer 5 Scenario: Sydney is a caretaker in a large early childhood care center program that serves children from birth until age 4. There is one room for infants and toddlers ages 0–2, and one room for children, ages 2–4. Sydney has spent one year working in the room for 2- to 4-year-olds and moved to the room for infants and toddlers aged 0–2. In 1–2 paragraphs, explain the physical characteristics expectations for the two age groups. Then describe the differences between the groups Sydney can expect for the children’s physical abilities. Your Response References (follow APA style) Rubric 0 Not Present 1 Needs Improvement 2 Meets Expectations 3 Exceeds Expectations Sub-Competency 2: Explain developmental and learning expectations and relevant influences within the domains of child development for infants and toddlers. Learning Objective 2.2: Describe the physical developmental expectations for infants and toddlers. Description of differences in physical development and/or learning expectations is not present. Response partially or vaguely describes the typical physical development of 0–2 year olds. Response clearly describes typical physical development of 0–2 year olds. Demonstrates the same level of achievement as “2,” plus the following: Provides a detailed explanation of typical physical development of 0–2 with specific examples. Sub-Competency 3: Explain developmental and learning expectations and relevant influences within the domains of child development for preschoolers. Learning Objective 3.2: Describe the physical developmental expectations for preschoolers. Description of differences in physical development expectations is not present. Response partially or vaguely describes the typical physical development of 2–4 year olds. Response clearly describes typical physical development of 2–4 year olds. Demonstrates the same level of achievement as “2,” plus the following: Provides a detailed explanation of typical physical development of 2–4 year olds with specific examples. Short Answer 6 Describe at least three characteristics of physical development in a typically-developing child in the primary grades (ages 5-8). Your Response References (follow APA style) Rubric 0 Not Present 1 Needs Improvement 2 Meets Expectations 3 Exceeds Expectations Sub-Competency 4: Explain developmental and learning expectations and relevant influences within the domains of child development for children in the primary grades. Learning Objective 4.1: Describe key characteristics of physical development in typically-developing children in the primary grades. Description is not present. Description is vague or inaccurate. Description is clear and accurate and includes key characteristics of physical development at this stage. Demonstrates the same level of achievement as “2,” plus the following: Description includes clear examples of how characteristics are exhibited by children at this stage of development. Short Answer 7 Scenario: Mr. Dinet has worked in an early childhood care center and pre-school setting for children ages 2–4 for many years. He is beginning his work as a student teacher in an elementary school this year. He will be working in kindergarten, first-grade, and second-grade classrooms. He is curious about the differences he can expect to see in the primary classroom environment. In 1–2 paragraphs, describe at least three socio-emotional characteristics of development and at least three cognitive characteristics of development that Mr. Dinet can expect to see in his primary grade students. Your Response References (follow APA style) Rubric 0 Not Present 1 Needs Improvement 2 Meets Expectations 3 Exceeds Expectations Sub-Competency 4: Explain developmental and learning expectations and relevant influences within the domains of child development for children in primary grades. Learning Objective 4.2: Describe socio-emotional characteristics in typically-developing children in the primary grades. Description of characteristics of socio-emotional development is not present. Response provides a vague or partial description of characteristics of socio-emotional development for children in primary grades. Response provides a complete and accurate description of key characteristics of socio-emotional development for children in primary grades. Demonstrates the same level of achievement as “2,” plus the following: Description includes clear examples of how characteristics are exhibited by children at this stage of development. Learning Objective 4.3: Describe key characteristics of cognitive development in typically-developing children in the primary grades. Description is not present. Description is vague or inaccurate. Description is clear and accurate and includes key characteristics of cognitive development at this stage. Demonstrates the same level of achievement as “2,” plus the following: Provides an explanation of how cognitive development typically occurs across the span of this developmental stage. Short Answer 8 Scenario: Dante is a 4-year-old in a pre-school class. His teachers notice that he generally displays poor motor control. For example, he frequently bumps into other children when moving around the classroom, cannot throw or catch a ball or bean bag, and has difficulty using crayons and scissors. In 1–2 paragraphs, describe how Dante’s socio-emotional development might be impacted by his physical development. Your Response References (follow APA style) Rubric 0 Not Present 1 Needs Improvement 2 Meets Expectations 3 Exceeds Expectations Sub-Competency 5: Describe how the domains of child development are integrated. Learning Objective 5.1: Describe how the domains of child development are integrated. Description of how the domains are integrated is not present. Response includes a vague description of how development in one domain impacts development in other domains. Response includes a logical description of how development in one domain impacts development in other domains. Demonstrates the same level of achievement as “2,” plus the following: Provides a relevant example from personal experience or professional practice. Short Answer 9 Scenario: Julie is a 6-year-old in a first-grade class. She often comes to school in dirty and ill-fitting clothing. She is generally quiet and withdrawn and does not interact very much with the children in the classroom. Her teacher does some investigating and learns that the family has been in upheaval. Julie’s mother has recently entered a drug rehab center. Julie has been separated from her siblings and is living with her aunt, who works two jobs and has little time to attend to her. In 1–2 paragraphs, describe how Julie’s cognitive development might be impacted by her social-emotional development. Your Response References (follow APA style) Rubric 0 Not Present 1 Needs Improvement 2 Meets Expectations 3 Exceeds Expectations Sub-Competency 5: Describe how the domains of child development are integrated. Learning Objective 5.1: Describe how the domains of child development are integrated. Description of how the domains are integrated is not present. Response includes a vague description of how development in one domain impacts development in other domains. Response includes a logical description of how development in one domain impacts development in other domains. Demonstrates the same level of achievement as “2,” plus the following: Provides a relevant example from personal experience or professional practice.
Essay Sample Content Preview:
Competency Assignment Your Name Subject and Section Professor’s Name July 6, 2024 Short Question 1 Preoperational development in the infant and toddler (0 to 2) involves the most significant and accelerated accomplishments as a basis of future learning and behavior in young children. Another noteworthy feature of cognitive development at this stage is the acquisition of object permanence. It is one of Piaget's key ideas, explaining the belief of preschool children in the existence of objects that cannot be perceived through the senses. This particular knowledge is learned early, between 8-12 months of an infant's life, when memory and the formation of mental images of objects are developed. Object constancy is a significant developmental milestone, as evidenced by behaviors such as searching for a hidden object (Piaget, 1954). This understanding also helps create a sense of order and organization in the infant's environment, adding to the pride domain. The other general aspect of cognitive development in this stage is the advancement of sensorimotor skills that the children exhibit. Young babies acquire knowledge with the help of their senses and motor development, which includes sucking, grasping, and manipulating the objects in the environment. This exploration is significant to children's mental development since they can establish cause-and-effect connections and solve problems. For instance, a toddler drops a toy multiple times, watches as it falls, or mashes their food, and observes what happens to it. Any sensorimotor activity assists in developing motor coordination and thus helps the child mold his actions according to the environment, adding to cognitive and gross motor development (Ginsburg & Opper, 1988). Language development is also another essential general development in infants and toddlers. At this stage, kids transition from cooing and babbling to expressing their needs and ideas in terms and short sentences. At 18 months of age, children ordinarily start using new words, and between the ages of 18 and 24 months, they would recognizably speak by responding to short phrases or simple sentences. They argue that this is not only a linguistic development, which is essential for children's cognition, but it also contributes to children's further cognitive development since it allows them to express their opinions and communicate with others. Language skills and object use also promote the development of other cognition abilities, depending on how children label items and events in their environment so that they remember them later (Bloom, 2000). References Bloom, P. (2000). How children learn the meanings of words. MIT Press. Ginsburg, H. P., & Opper, S. (1988). Piaget's theory of intellectual development. Prentice Hall. Piaget, J. (1954). The construction of reality in the child. Basic Books. Short Question 2 The first period of prenatal development starts from week zero to two, which she calls the germinal period. During this period, cell division rapidly occurs along with cell differentiation. In this stage, fertilization occurs, where a sperm cell fuses with an egg cell to produce a zygote. The zygote begins several cycles of mitosis and forms a blastocyst with an inner cell mass that will later become the embryo's body and the outer layer of cells that will become the placenta. Having been fertilized, the blastocyst moves through the fallopian tube and buries itself in the wall of the uterus roughly within 6-10 days. It is essential to contact maternal circulation to exchange nutrition and formation during this implantation (Moore & Persaud, 2003). The first period of prenatal development, from the third week to the eighth, is called the embryonic period, which is well-developed and intensively forming significant body structures within the organ system. During this time, the inner cell mass differentiates into three germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm, which are layers that form all the tissues and organs of the body. The neural tube, which will transform into the central nervous system, is also initiated at this stage, while the heart beats by the fourth week. The presence of limb buds with tips, eyes, ears, and other head features is developed; the head, trunk, and significant body structures are seen. This period is susceptible to teratogens, which, if exposed, result in congenital anomalies that must be committed (Sadler, 2019)....
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