How Pathophysiologic Processes, Race and Ethnic, and Interaction Affect the Patient
Cardiovascular and respiratory disorders can quickly become dangerous healthcare matters, and they routinely land among the leading causes of hospital admissions. Disorders in these areas are complicated by the fact that these two systems work so closely as contributors to overall health. APRNs working to form a similarly close partnership with patients must demonstrate not only support and compassion, but expertise to guide the understanding of diagnoses and treatment plans. This includes an understanding of patient medical backgrounds, relevant characteristics, and other variables that can be factors in their diagnoses and treatments.
This week, you examine alterations in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems and the resultant disease processes. You also consider patient characteristics, including racial and ethnic variables, and the impact they have on altered physiology.
To prepare:
You will be assigned to a specific case study scenario for this Case Study Assignment.
Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis)
In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following
The cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes that result in the patient presenting these symptoms.
Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.
How these processes interact to affect the patient.
Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The sample paper provided at the Walden Writing Center provides an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides(dot)waldenu(dot)edu/writingcenter/templates). All papers submitted must use this formatting.
Note: References should be between five to seven And if you list a reference make sure to have the citation too--- check out owl.purdue.edu -- must have both
Module 2 Assignment
Student's Name
Institutional Affiliation
Course Name
Professor's Name
Due Date
Case Study Analysis
Introduction
The patient presents with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) symptoms from the case study. The symptoms include difficulty breathing or shortness of breath, a chronic wet cough that leads to sputum production, and high body temperature. Her cough has grown worse, presenting symptoms of severe COPD. The sputum is also too thick to expectorate. The essay will address the pathophysiologic processes that lead to the onset of the symptoms, racial and ethnic characteristics that impair the physiological function, and how the interactions affect the patient.
COPD is characterized by airflow obstruction and inflammatory responses in the lungs. The response may be due to exposure to toxins such as smoke from cigarettes for a long time (Santus et al., 2019). The immune response may lead to the onset of chronic bronchitis manifested by the hypersecretion of mucus, emphysema, and bronchiolitis (Bodas & Vij, 2017). The changes usually lead to increased airflow resistance in the bronchioles, trapping of air, lung inflammation, and progressed airflow obstruction. These pathophysiologic processes typically result in the changes that are observed in COPD. The changes usually cause the physiological issues seen in COPD, including abnormal gas exchange, obstruction of airflow, mucus hypersecretion, pulmonary hypertension, dysfunction of the ciliary system, and hyperinflation (Hikichi et al., 2018). These physiologic issues are usually observed as typical symptoms seen in the patients, such as flattening the diaphragm, overly thick sputum, shortness of breath, and an enlarged AP diameter.
Various racial and ethnic variables influence and impact normal physiological functioning. Ethnic and racial characteristics influence the onset and severity of COPD. Studies show that blacks in America have a lower incidence and prevalence of COPD than whites (Hikichi et al., 2018). The variations in COPD between the ethnic and racial populations include differences in their genetic/biological characteristics, treatment and diagnosis, and elevated exposure to smoke from tobacco (Bodas & Vij, 201...