Effective Selfcare in Diabetes Is the Key to Achieving the Desired Outcome

Effective Selfcare in Diabetes Is the Key to Achieving the Desired Outcome
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Effective Selfcare in Diabetes Is the Key to Achieving the Desired Outcome
Diabetes is one of the world’s most chronic noncommunicable diseases in the most recent time. The condition is caused by the body’s inability to utilize blood sugar through the conversion of food into energy. It occurs when the body’s autoimmune reactions stop the production of insulin (type 1 diabetes), or when the body is unable to utilize the insulin to keep the blood sugar within a reasonable range (type 2 diabetes). According to Saeedi et al. (2019), the global statistics estimate that 463 million people have diabetes, translating to 9.3%. The figures are predicted to grow to more than half a billion by the year 2030. Indeed, the numbers have elicited a worldwide concern over the future of the world population's overall health. A1C, a component showing the haemoglobin percentage that is glaciated (coated with sugar), and optimal functional status, are desired statuses that are important to a diabetic patient. Studies show that the successful management of diabetes on overall health is an involving goal whose attainment goes beyond just the dedication of health specialists. Therefore, effective self-care remains critical in the achievement of these outcomes.
Problem Description
The role of self-care in the health and wellbeing of diabetic patients is an indispensable and significant aspect that qualify to be part of the bigger chronic care model. This analogy is based on the overall influence of lifestyle on the condition’s prevalence, with most research findings arguing that tremendous results and patient cooperation have a strong positive correlation. That is, a patient of considerable age could choose whether to embrace behaviour change to help in managing their state (Huang et al., 2017). Studies stress on the vital contribution of periodic A1C tests, which is essential in a person's long-term control of blood glucose. Based on this recommendation, individuals are encouraged to have the test at least twice to ascertain their blood sugar level. For instance, the non-diabetic individual A1C range should be between 4% and 6%. For people with diabetes, low health risks and a higher level of degree of control are associated with low A1C level that equals or falls below 7% (Abu-Ashour et al., 2018). At such a level, the body tends to function normally, and there are better chances of managing this life-taking health condition.
As opposed to the random blood glucose checks that give momentary samples, the A1C test checks the blood sugar control stretching to a span of 2-3 months. It includes the times when a person rarely checks their blood, such when they are asleep and periods just after meals. As such, it is a more reliable outcome to achieve and is a critical aspect of evaluating the success of selfcare among diabetic patients. Indeed, the gravity of influence selfcare has on the achievement of these outcomes is based on the range of individual actions that are potential risk factors for an individual with blood glucose issues. This analogy has the backing of the range of individual habits that might worsen health condition and put someone at the risk of dying because of uncontrolled blood sugar level.
Selfcare in diabetes relates to the evolutionary process of awareness and knowledge development through learning to survive and withstand diabetes' complex nature within the broader social context (Lee & Kang, 2017). Practically, patients or their families handle and perform the activities that relate to the day-to-day cares in diabetes, creating an inevitable need for valid and reliable measures for the condition. Nearly all the positive outcomes have been linked with the practising of certain critical selfcare behaviours. These habits include healthy eating, compliance with medications, blood sugar monitoring, being physically active, risk reduction behaviours, and healthy coping skills. By extension, these measures are essential to researchers who regularly assess approaches to care and educators and clinicians who treat the individuals. Over time, self-report has existed as a cost-effective and most practical approach for performing self-care evaluation, despite others considering it as unreliable.
Given the clinical problem, it emerges that individual patients are vital in determining their wellbeing and the state of health. That is, it takes a specific person’s initiative to ensure that they strictly follow the recommended clinic instructions and guidelines regarding their health condition. For instance, other than trying to lower stress and taking medication faithfully, a person should ensure that they eat foods that are lower in calories, sugar, salt, trans fat, and saturated fat. Additionally, they should keep active to increase their muscle strength. Ensuring these activities rely significantly on the person who already has diabetes or one who is high-risk. The slightest mistake in the diet is bound to adversely affect their sugar level, the A1C, and the overall body functioning status. This assertion forms the basis for which the desired outcome ties directly to the effectiveness of selfcare because they are not under the care of doctors all the time.
The Theories’ Summary
The chosen theories for this selected clinical practice problem are Self-Efficacy theory by Dorothea Orem, and the Self-Care theory that was authored by Lenz and Shortridge-Baggett.
Self-Care Theory
Orem's theory is anchored on the basis that each person can execute selfcare and, therefore, personally bear the responsibility for personal health and that of their dependents. Koirala et al. (2018) refer to selfcare as the routine application of activities by an individual that is aimed at maintaining their health, life, and wellbeing. In Orem's initial definition of the broader nursing concern, there is the inclusion of the action and provisions of selfcare, and its management consistently to maintain health, life, recover from and injury or ailment, and be able with the related effects. That is, her description of the nursing goal is focused on overcoming human shortcomings and limitations. A selfcare deficit is said to exist when a patient is unable to care for themselves over demands that a nurse can meet.
Further, Orem’s Selfcare Model explains the structure in which nurse may assist the client, because it is necessary, to help them maintain an adequate selfcare level. Thus, the level of nursing intervention and selfcare is said to significantly depend on the patient's overall ability to meet the needs of selfcare independently. Here, the three related theories include the theory of selfcare, the theory of nursing systems, and the theory of selfcare deficit. In this context, Younas (2017) argues that each of the sub-theories relates to a particular dimension of the individual; that is, the selfcare theory relates to self, selfcare deficit theory to the association between self and another person, and the theory of nursing system focuses on the overall society.
Notably, Orem’s selfcare theory is based on certain fundamental assumptions and propositions. Some of the assumptions include the willingness of people to perform selfcare for both self and the family members depending on them. Nurses are believed to be offering their services purposefully and intentionally as a helping service to their patients. Also, education and culture are vital influencers in individuals. Besides, there the performance of systematic and deliberate actions to meet selfcare among people at higher risk of the condition. Moreover, human development, wellbeing, and health are wholly dependent on selfcare. Propositions, on the other hand, include: nurses choose valid and reliable criteria including technologies and actions to meet selfcare needs; there is the involvement of therapeutic selfcare by patients, nurses, and others, through the regulating capabilities and meeting needs; and the developmental state, individual experiences, sociocultural backgrounds, and age, impact selfcare abilities (Moody, 2018).
Self-Efficacy in Nursing Theory
This theory presents itself as a way to comprehend and trigger behaviour change. It is built on the belief that people have abilities to meet oncoming challenges and perform specific tasks successfully. In the nursing context, it is argued that healthcare providers have the critical role of helping people t...