A 13 - year old visit the clinic with complaints of testicular pain with a pain score of 9. He was playing outside and all of a sudden, he started feeling the hurts. He denies any acccident or trauma but threw up up once on his way to the clinic and is feeling sick. Skin is warm, mildly diaphoretic.

Acute Testicular Pain in a 13-Year-Old Male Student's Name Institution Course Code and Course Name Professor’s Name Submission Date Problem Statement A 13-year-old male complains of acute, severe pain in his testicle, rating the pain as 9/10, with associated nausea and vomiting and mild diaphoresis. The pain began abruptly while the boy was outside playing with no judicious incident of trauma or impact. He denies any history of aching testicles in the past and also denies recent trauma. His skin is warm and diaphoretic, with obvious discomfort. Key Findings The symptoms of severe testicular pain, nausea, and discomfort after physical distress raise a strong suspicion of testicular torsion twisting of the spermatic cord, which consequently cuts off the blood supply to the testicle (Thomas et al., 2019). This usually occurs in adolescents and leads to irreversible injury if unattended. Sudden onset without trauma during activity raises suspicion for torsion—the high pain score with accompanying vomiting points to the severity and the need for immediate evaluation. Tests to be Done Urgent evaluation includes a physical examination, which entails checking for signs of testicular torsion characterized by a high-riding testis, transverse lie, or absence of cremasteric reflex on the affected side (Thomas et al., 2019). Confirmation of decreased or absent blood flow, which characterizes torsion, requires a critical Doppler scrotum ultrasound. While these physical findings are indicative, Doppler ultrasound remains the preferred imaging method to confirm the diagnosis (Thomas et al., 2019). A urinalysis will also exclude infection, though this is less likely based on the presentation. If torsion is confirmed, immediate urology consultation is indicated for further management. Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis The primar...