Self-Driving Cars: How They Work and Their Applications
Topic: Self Driving Cars
Structure
Executive summary(150 words)
Table of contents
Introduction(100 words)
Body (600-700 words)
- Introducing the technology, basic features, operating principles, and application scenarios：
When introducing the technology itself, we need to describe its core components, characteristics, and functions. Explain how it works and the basic principles it relies upon. Additionally, we need to illustrate the purposes of this technology in practical applications and how it addresses specific problems or meets specific needs. Application scenarios can include different industries, company sizes, and markets.
- Business model or profit model：
A business model refers to the way a company creates value, delivers value, and generates profits. It includes aspects such as the company's core strategy, products or services, target customers, revenue sources, and cost structure. The profit model is an essential part of the business model, focusing on how the company achieves revenue.
-limitation/challenge and opportunity
conclusion(100 words)
reference
appendix
Tips:
-make sure you have appendix
- make sure use tables, charts or images etc. as visual aids in body
Self-driving Cars
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Executive Summary
The development of self-driving cars has revolutionised operations in the automotive industry to a great extent. With self-driving cars being inevitable in the industry, it is vital to understand their key features, how they work, and their opportunities and limitations. This report delves into the major aspects that surround self-driving cars. The report begins by providing the background of self-driving vehicles, including their main features, operating principles, and application scenarios. The main features covered in the report include the sensing system, the client system, the action system, and the human-machine interface HMI). The report also highlights the major operation principles as agreed upon by players in the industry. The business models that support the operations of self-driving cars are also covered in the report, with a focus on Transportation as a Servive (TAAS) and operating system-enabled value chain. The report also highlights the opportunities and challenges that self-driving cars provide.
Table of Contents Executive Summary. 2 Introduction. 4 Background of Self-Driving Cars. 4 Basic Features. 4 Operating Principles. 5 Application Scenarios. 5 Business Model 6 Limitation/Challenge and Opportunity. 6 Conclusion. 7 References. 8 Appendices. 10 Appendix 1. 10 Appendix 2. 11 Appendix 3. 12 Introduction
Self-driving cars are one of the major disruptive technologies of the 21st century, with automotive companies seeking to take advantage of new innovations to position themselves as pioneers in the industry. Self-driving cars are known as automotive vehicles and are characterised by the ability to sense their environment and travel safely without human intervention (Catulli, n.d.). Major companies in the automotive industry, such as Tesla, Ford, Baidu, and Alphabet Inc’s Waymo, have made significant progress towards fully autonomous vehicles. Given the major developments towards fully autonomous cars experienced recently, it is vital to understand how they work and their application in the modern and future world of self-driving cars.
Background of Self-Driving Cars
Basic Features
Four basic systems in self-driving cars facilitate their operation: the sensing/perception system, the client system, the action system, and the human-machine interface [HMI] (Martínez-Díaz & Soriguera, 2018). The sensing system collects data from the environment as well as other vehicles. Self-driving cars utilise sensors such as LIDAR that not only provides visibility in 360° but also measures distances with an accuracy of ±2 cm (Martínez-Díaz & Soriguera, 2018). The client system is characterised by an operating system and hardware necessary for data processing. The action system comprises the vehicle's mechanical system, such as the braking and steering systems. The HMI system is used by passengers and other road users. Its features include display screens, vehicle lighting, and loudspeakers that facilitate communication with passengers and other road users (Giacomin, 2023). These features make the operation of self-driving cars possible.
Operating Principles
The leaders in developing self-driving cars such as Daimler, Baidu, Audi, and BMW, have devised a set of basic principles that guide operations and safety (Iclodean et al., 2022). The first principle is that a self-driving car must be able to cope when its critical components cease to function or become unstable. Second, the autonomous vehicle should be able to recognise its operation limits and know when to return operations to human control. Third, the Operating Design Domain (ODD) must specify the conditions that allow the operation of the self-driving car. Fourth, the car’s behaviour in traffic must be predictable by all traffic participants.
Application Scenarios
Self-driving cars play a significant role in the transport industry, which has motivated its development. One key factor motivating its development is its contribution to reducing accidents (Martínez-Díaz & Soriguera, 2018). Other key benefits associated with self-driving cars include reduction of traffic congestion, adherence to traffic rules, and easy transportation for older people and the physically handicapped (Juyal et al., 2022).
In essence, se...