Business Ethics and Consequentalism
Module 2 - SLP
Business Ethics and Consequentialism
Background
In the Module 2 SLP, we will be reviewing American Psychological Association (APA) style. Use of APA style is required in all Trident University International papers – both the Case and SLP – that you will write throughout your graduate program. In the Module 2 SLP, you will use APA style to cite (in-text) and end-reference several articles and books that you have located in the TUI Library. You will also paraphrase selected text taken from these same sources.
Required Reading
The following website – authored by the University of Southern Mississippi – is an excellent resource for APA style: http://www(dot)lib(dot)usm(dot)edu/help/style_guides.html
I would also like for you to review the following APA guidelines at the Purdue OWL (Online Writing Lab). Be sure to review the “In-text Citations” and “Reference Lists” included on the left navigation bar. Using the left navigation bar, be sure to take specific note as to how books and articles are cited within the body of the paper (i.e., as in-text citations) and how books and articles are reflected in the paper as end references: http://owl(dot)english(dot)purdue(dot)edu/owl/resource/560/01/
- The Purdue OWL site provides guidance related to compilation of the reference list at the end of your paper (be sure to review each page related to end referencing -- please see the left navigation bar): https://owl(dot)english(dot)purdue(dot)edu/owl/resource/560/05/
- Please review the following site demonstrating proper APA style for "in-text" (or parenthetical) citations: https://owl(dot)english(dot)purdue(dot)edu/owl/resource/560/02/
Finally, the attached Word document will help you complete the Module 2 SLP. Be sure to take careful note of such details as capitalization of titles, punctuation, italicization. APA Syle- References and In- text Citations (authored by Dr. Michael S. Garmon, Trident University International, 2012).
Assignment
Using proper APA Style, paraphrase, provide an in-text citation, and end reference for several library sources.
Keys to the Assignment
Locate the following articles in the TUI Library (use EBSCO):
- "Taking Rights out of Human Rights." By John Tasioulas, John. Ethics. July 2010, Volume 120, Issue 4, pages 647-678.
- Locate the following article in ProQuest database! Name of authors: Chris Mason and John Simmons. Written in 2014. Title of article is "Embedding corporate social responsibility in corporate governance: A stakeholder systems approach." Name of journal: Journal of Business Ethics. Volume number 119; Issue number 1. Pages 77-86.
- "Ethics as a Business Strategy." Authored by By: Andrew N. Liveris. Vital Speeches of the Day. January 2011, Volume 77, Issue 1, page 35-39.
Next, locate the following books in the TUI Library (use eBrary):
- Author is M. Paliwal. Year published: 2006; Published by New Age International; Location: Delhi, India. Title of book: Business Ethics.
- Title of book: Introduction to Healthcare Organzational Ethics. Written by Robert T. Hall. Publisher is Oxford University Press; Place of publication: Cary, North Carolina. Published in the year 2000.
For each of the sources above, please do the following:
- Take a direct quotation from each of the above sources, and demonstrate how each direct quotation should be cited (as an in-text citation);
Example: While the initial response was slow, Sethi, Veral, and Emelianova (2011) found, “the initial phase also had strong oversight interest from top management including a representative of Mattel’s board of directors, and called for frequent reporting.” (p. 485)
- Copy 2-3 sentences from each of the five (5) sources above, and then paraphrase the sentences as you would in your essay. Remember to include the sentences you are paraphrasing in your assignment submission (so that I am able to compare the original text with your paraphrased text). For example:
Copied Sentences:
“Public concerns about worker exploitation and environmental degradation rose with the expansion of outsourcing and production in emerging economies where poverty, abundant labor, and need for job creation provided unprecedented opportunities for large MNCs to shift production from high-wage countries to low-wage countries. Starting with isolated complaints from civil society organizations, human rights groups, and organized labor in the mid-eighties, the anti-sweatshop movement became a major force by the early nineties in the United States, Canada, Europe, and other industrially advanced countries. Global companies were under fire for operating factories with working conditions that violated basic human rights and labor laws in terms of wages and working conditions. Instances of worker exploitation and employment of underage workers were widespread” (Sethi, Veral, & Emelianova, 485).
Paraphrased:
With the expansion of outsourcing worldwide and the increased focus by advocacy groups, Mattel became a target for investigation of worker and environmental policies and procedures (Sethi, Veral, & Emelianova, 2011).
- Complete a Reference List including each of the sources. Don't forget to include all information that is required in an end reference (author, year and place of publication, volume and issue number, website, etc). Pay very close attention to detail (placement of punctuation, italicization, capitalization, etc)
Example:
Thomas, M., & Smith, R. (2011). Why innumerable dogs have gained weight. Journal of Canine Obesity, 99(4), 483-517.
Assignment Expectations
Your paper will be evaluated on the following criteria:
- Precision - Does the paper address the question(s) or task(s)? Are end references fully accurate? Be sure that you pay attention to detail!
- Breadth - Is the full breadth of the subject (i.e., all the Keys to the Assignment) addressed?
- Organization - Is the paper organized in a coherent and systematic manner?
Tips and Suggestions
- Your paper will be evaluated on your use of proper use of APA style - both referencing and in-text citations.
- Your paper will be graded on your ability to properly cite direct quotations using APA style.
- Your paper will be graded on your ability to properly paraphrase text from each source, and your ability to correctly cite each source as an in-text citation.
- There are no minimum length requirements for this assignment. However, you must fully address all requirements given above.
- Submit your paper by the Module 2 due date.
Direct Quotations
For us to establish the content of the right to security of an individual to be adequately determinate, and as an efficient guide to behavior, “ we need a further ground, call it ‘practicalities'. In addition, we need also to consult human nature, the nature of society, in drawing the line†(Tasioulas, 2010.p20).
According to Mason, and Simmons, (2014), current research on social responsibility has ignored the need of adopting a systematic approach in balancing the interests of both the stakeholders and shareholders. Further, the approach employed should incorporate methods of corporate governance that correspond with the current social research. The authors draw their opinion from studies which have advocated for a conceptual frameworks that include structures, standards, processes as well as performance. However, they articulate that “replacing a shareholder- centric mode of corporate governance with the one focused on ethical concerns is unlikely to find favor within the business community†(p. 79).
“Even the largest corporations are collections of individuals, and that every individual, from the shop floor to the board room, can make a difference†(Liveris, 2011, 1).
According to Palwal (2006), ethical issues are more significant today than they used to be in the past. The author posts that “the increased interest with ethics is related to many issues as a nexus between business, crime, politics, a series of scams and the sordid events of the past few years†(5).
Hall, (2000) points out that “the same way clinical ethical analysis is an essential skill in clinical practice, organizational ethical analysis is also a significant skill in healthcare administration†(7).
Paraphrasing
1
Durkheim (1957) developed the concept of a professional ethic as a set of rules that govern the activities of people in a given occupation. He believed that the groups that dominate the profession generate the rules governing personal behavior. He also observes that these eventually become normative standards which in most cases are enacted into law (Cited in Hall, 2000, 9).
Durkheim (1957) defines professional ethic as a set of regulations, which are meant to direct the behavior and activities of individuals in a particular workplace. He goes on to postulate that these rules and regulations are established by the dominant group in that profession which end up becoming the normative standards of that place (Durkheim (1957, cited in Hall, 2000, 9).
2
Morality is a set of rules to guide the actions of an individual human being. As Rand 2003 points out, morality is “a code of value to guide man's choice and actions†(Rand, 2003, cited in Palwal, 2006, 5).
The term morality according to Rand (2003) refers to a code of conduct that individuals are expected to adhere to in order to guide their behaviors and actions in specific circumstances(Rand 2003, cited in Palwal, 2006, 5).
3
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