Humanism and Absolutism on Notable Plays and the Functions of Shaman
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* You may use all the materials you have from this course to answer the questions. Only information from class sources will be accepted as correct answers.
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*Just give the information asked for. No long paragraphs. Section 4 is the only section that needs paragraphs.
**Whenever the title of a play is mentioned by you or the question, you must include the name of the playwright.
I. IDENTIFICATION. Briefly identify the following: Please include a definition and the culture of origin. If there is no specific cultural origin, give an example of the term. If it is a character name, include the name of the play and playwright in your answer, as well as who the character is in relation to the play Bullet points/phrases are OK.
1) zaju
2) ma chih-yüan
3) harun al rashad
4) yuan dynasty
5) cathy
6) emelia
7) brook
8) the poetics
9) semiotics
10) marlowe
11) le cid
12) primary orality
13) verisimilitude
14) carnival humor
15) mythic
16) one thousand and one nights
17) ethos
18) auteur director
19) mimetic
20) lord chamberlain’s men
II. More Identification Bullet points/incomplete sentences OK.
21.Name two jobs/positions associated with Elizabethan theatre and briefly describe the job/position. Hint: “actor” isn’t specific enough of a title.
22. What is a shaman? Explain one possible function of a shaman.
23. Define Magical Realism. Which play best fits this genre?
24. Explain what a signifier is as it pertains to theatre. Give an example from The Agony and Ecstasy of Steve Jobs.
III. SHORT ANSWER - Bullet points/incomplete sentences or complete sentences.
25. a) What is humanism? b) What are the Humanities today and how are they related to humanism?
26. a) What are the three unities? b) How does the play Tartuffe adhere to these unities?
27. How does The Arabian Nights (name the playwright) represent both an a) Eastern and a b) Western perspective? Be specific. (Mention at least one character by name)
28. a) How did the printing press affect theatre in Western cultures? b) What is one pro and c)one con to the printing press as it pertains to theatre?
29. According to the definitions covered in our textbook and reiterated in the PowerPoints, give examples of a) drama, b) theatre, and c) performance. (Your answers should not be the definitions themselves, but brief examples - with a brief explanation of each that show you understand the difference between each of these terms.)
30. How did The Mahabharata exemplify both the a) pros and the b) cons of intercultural theatre. (Please make sure to mention the director by name.)
IV. MEDIUM ANSWER – Succinct complete sentences please.
31. a) What is absolutism? b) How was it applied to theatre in France? c) How could the play Tartuffe be considered a satire of absolutism? Explain.
32. Using two plays we have read this quarter, explain the difference in how a main female character was represented in each and what values come through because of this. (Make sure to give the title of the plays, playwrights and the character names.)
Some online resources can use:
The Prism of Perspectives: https://scu(dot)voicethread(dot)com/share/16449533/
Intercultural Theatre: https://scu(dot)voicethread(dot)com/share/16498935/
Elizabethan Theatre and the Restoration: https://scu(dot)voicethread(dot)com/share/16731224/
French Theatre: https://scu(dot)voicethread(dot)com/share/16807305/
Shakespeare's Othello's transcript: http://www(dot)shakespeare-online(dot)com/plays/othelloscenes.html
Shakespeare's Othello: https://dmzproddigcampuslrs002(dot)blob(dot)core(dot)windows(dot)net/content/cenc/N14411_WS_XX_XX_XX/77106632/N14411_WS_XX_XX_XX_480p_800kbps_en-US.mp4
IDENTIFICATION. Briefly identify the following: Please include a definition and the culture of origin. If there is no specific cultural origin, give an example of the term. If it is a character name, include the name of the play and playwright in your answer, as well as who the character is in relation to the play Bullet points/phrases are OK.
1) zaju - plays that are Written by classically educated Confucian scholars who had lost court positions and is primarily written to be sung (leading man or woman for each act) and acted - with dialogue by other actors.
2) ma chih-yьan – Chinese playwright who wrote the Autumn in Han Palace
3) harun al Rashad - He ruled Iraq from 786 to 809. His reign was a time of great advances in science, cultural prosperity and religious harmony. The arts, including fine art and music also flourished significantly during his time as king. He founded the legendary library Bayt al-Hikima ("House of Wisdom").
4) yuan dynasty – Existed from 1279 to 1368. Ruled by Emperor Yuan who was presented with portraits of women
5) cathy – A translator in The Agony and the Ecstasy of Steve Jobs who was “very small, and as sort of rounded shoulders, and has these glasses that are way too big for her face so they keep sliding down and she has to push them up assiduously”
6) Emelia – A character in The Orphan of Chao.
7) brook – The director of The Mahabharata
8) the poetics - The Poetics is the first known work of literary analysis, and it is clearly the product of a literate culture – one in which writing is culturally dominant.
9) semiotics - the study of signs, which began with linguistics but expanded to consider how meanings inhere in all kinds of human endeavor, from the use of colors in military uniforms to the rules for social rituals or athletic games.
10) marlowe - was a major English playwright, the philosophy espoused by Auguste Comte shaped nineteenth-century realist theatre in Europe, and so forth.
11) le cid - performed in 1637, it was so popular that well-to-do audience members were allowed to sit on the stage itself, beginning a tradition that the theatres were unable to end for over a century.
12) primary orality - are cultures that focus on verbal transmission rather than the culture of print or writing.
13) verisimilitude - The quality of appearing true, realistic, or probable which neoclassicism held to be a prime requirement of drama. In order to achieve verisimilitude, plays needed to obey the three unities of time, place, and action.
14) carnival humor – Has elements that are deriving from oral culture are present throughout Moliиre’s work – early, middle, and late.
15) mythic - belief and fate, but their images generally remained behind the proscenium and their actors never violated the representational basis of characterization.
16) one thousand and one nights – written during the Golden Islamic Age. Collection of various tales.
17) ethos – custom or character. For example, by the mid-eighteenth century, the ethos of the private sphere had reconfigured the traditional forms of tragedy and comedy on the London stage.
18) auteur director – (a term borrowed from film criticism) sees herself – not the playwright or the actor – as the primary “author” of the performance.
19) mimetic – Defines the logic of phonocentrism, Derrida observes, leads to antitheatricality.
20) lord chamberlain’s men - was run according to the sharing system, by which actor-managers, leading actors, and financiers shared in the profits of a given run or theatrical season.
II. More Identification Bullet points/incomplete sentences OK.
21.Name two jobs/positions associated with Elizabethan theatre and briefly describe the job/position. Hint: “actor” isn’t specific enough of a title.
Playwright – person who composes the entire play; stagemen – individuals who helps with the props costumes and the like
22. What is a shaman? Explain one possible function of a shaman.
The term shaman refers broadly to a range of traditional specialists in rituals. Shamans are usually attributed with possessing specific powers (curing illness, counteracting misfortune) and they are typically able to access the spirit world after entering a trance.
23. Define Magical Realism. Which play best fits this genre?
Magical realism is one of the gen...
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