Impact of Data Quality on Strategic Information Products (SIP)

Requirement: Make a comment based on Derek's, Niklas's & Haadia's responses. Two Entries (Each for 100 - 200 words)
Haadia's response:
As shared in Chapter 6, to improve data quality one needs to understand the "highly complex nature and the magnitude of data quality issues in the comprehensive context, including the organizational context" (Lee et al., 2006). As such, it is significant that companies prioritize diagnosing not only the data itself but also the data environment, which is where data quality issues arise and can be intensified through root conditions. In particular, as Professor Lee discussed in class, root conditions do not create problems themselves rather not recognizing and managing root conditions can produce data quality problems (Lee, 2021). 
A root condition that I interacted with during my last co-op was "Security Accessibility trade-off". Specifically, I worked on a large Tech Risk Management engagement where we assisted our Financial Services client with their transition to becoming an LFI (large financial institution) and the increasing regulation/compliance standards they would be responsible for upholding. As part of this project, my team members and I had to complete compliance training when onboarding and were held responsible for not discussing project details with nonmembers. Also, once we ended the project we had to wipe all documents that may have been saved to our desktop and had an entire offboarding checklist we had to complete before we were officially cleared from the project. Moreover, while my company recognized the importance of ensuring privacy, confidentiality, and security of client information there were times when it made tasks more difficult. For example, a common scenario we encountered was when a new member on the project needed access to the drive where both the client and company were storing project materials. When this would occur, we would have to email someone from the client-side confirming approval for the specific person and that they were allowed to access the drive (as the client kept a list of everyone who had access over the project timeline). Additionally, given the time difference/employees being out of office, it could take 24 hours before we heard back and were able to grant an employee access. Especially when working in such a fast-paced environment like consulting, time is of the essence and having such high standards created barriers to accessibility at times.
This experience speaks to the trade-off that occurs between security and accessibility, particularly illustrating how security can impact the accessibility one has to data and thus the data quality of deliverables. Furthermore, the root condition of "Security Accessibility trade-off" can evolve into the data dimensions of accessibility and reputation. For example, not being able to obtain client data relates to the accessibility dimension and can also impact the overall reputation of the data source. This is because by not having access, employees are unable to utilize the data which will worsen the reputation as an increasing number of people will become more aware of the consistent barrier. Similarly, the difficulty in obtaining data can also influence people to feel more apprehensive towards the data source. Additionally, the 3 C's framework we discussed in class can depict the information roles of collector, custodian, and consumer within this example (Lee, 2021). Specifically, the data collector would be both the client and my previous co-op company, as the shared drive had project materials created from both parties. The data custodian in this scenario would be the co-op company who was impacted by having to receive approval from the client first before it could provide its employees access (Lee et al., 2006). Lastly, the data consumer would be both the co-op company employees who utilized the data to assist with client deliverables and the client who was presented findings from the data by the co-op company. 
In terms of the impact data quality may have on a strategic information product (SIP), it could lead to ineffective and inaccessible data, weakening the strategic information product's ability to alleviate Porter's competitive forces. For instance, in my first co-op as an HR Project Analyst, I often utilized a human resource management system that encompassed benefits, time, compensation, performance management, and recruitment. Within the SIP, there were various data elements such as name, address, pay, position type (part-time or full-time), role, etc. which were stored in the system and formed the information product itself (Lee et al., 2006). Furthermore, while working remotely for the company, I once struggled with accessing the data in the SIP due to an unreliable network. This prevented me from completing my weekly analysis/updates to the system and depicts how a root condition can impact the data quality of a SIP. Also, since the SIP contained confidential employee information, HR needed to maintain privacy by only granting necessary employees access to the internal system. Although, as shared above, there is a trade-off between security and accessibility, which can result in data becoming less accessible due to the time/effort it can take to get authorized permission for access.
If a company has an inefficient human resources management system, it will struggle to attract new talent, maintain employee satisfaction, and retain its public image. This can negatively impact the relationship between Consumers (#3) and Intra-Industry Rivalry (#1), where the consumers would be the current employees and any new talent that may be interested in joining the company. For instance, because of poor accessibility, it can become difficult for companies to gain valuable insight from the data and build a strong "switching cost" for their consumers (Pearlson et al., 2014). Likewise, by failing to build a strong "switching cost", competitors in the marketplace may be more motivated to step in which could increase the Potential threat of New-Entrants (#4). Furthermore, as we learned earlier in Module 1, the value of information differs depending on the context and its particular user (Eaton and Bawden, 1991). While an inefficient human resource management system may not directly affect an engineer's responsibilities, it can heavily impact the value of information other departments (such as the recruiting team) work with on a daily basis. Ultimately, poor data quality can impact the effectiveness of a SIP and prevent employees from accessing and utilizing valuable information that is critical to a company's overall success.  
References
Eaton, J. J., & Bawden, D. (1991). What Kind of Resource is Information? (p. 156-165). International Journal of Information Management.
Lee, Yang. (2021, October 01). In-Class Lecture: Module 3. Retrieved from Northeastern University D'Amore-McKim School of Business MISM4501 Business Systems Integration
Lee, Yang. (2021, October 05). In-Class Lecture: Module 3. Retrieved from Northeastern University D'Amore-McKim School of Business MISM4501 Business Systems Integration
Lee, Y. W., Pipino, L. L., Funk, J. D., & Wang, R. Y. (2006). Chapter 6. Understanding the Anatomy of Data Quality Problems and Patterns (p. 1-16). The MIT Press.
Lee, Y. W., Pipino, L. L., Funk, J. D., & Wang, R. Y. (2006). Chapter 9. Managing Information as Product (p. 137-150). The MIT Press.
Pearlson, K., Saunders, C., Gelletta, F., (2014) Managing and Using Information Systems: A Strategic Approach, 7th Edition, Wiley.
Response to Hadia:
I do agree with Hadia's response that there must be an efficient and secure balance between security and accesibility. Since the primary role of data quality that we have discussed is to provide better data access and to reduce chances or instances of bad data quality, we must ensure that we perform regular audits that would assess not only the data quality and organization, but also the data environment in every specific context. I realized this based on your experience in the conduct of a Strategic Info...