Philosophy Questions. Social Sciences. Coursework.

Philosophy Questions
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Chapter 5: Question 2
Identity theory is an assertion that explains the distinct relationship between the mind and the body. Particularly, the theory states that some types of human mental states are literally similar with some types of human’s brain states. The expressions of matter and mind depicts a strong similarity despite both being logically distinguishable. In other words, mental states such as pain and thoughts are directly connected to certain physical state in the human body.
The dual aspect theory is similar to identify theory as both stresses that the mental states possess an ontology that is similar to the physical states. However, dual aspect theory holds that reality is in form of matter, but its existence in either neutral or mental states.
Identity theory is also similar to Merleau Ponty’s notion of a unified body as both theories holds that the body and the mind works in correlation and could not be disentangled from each other. Merleau Ponty believes that the body is the key site, which explores the world before sending receptive signals to the brain to create consciousness as the source of information. One of the difference is that, unlike the identity theory which revealed that there is no close cognitive relationship between the mind and the body. In addition, Merleau Ponty’s notions placed much focus on the perception and shortcomings as the major source of expounding on the correlation between the body and the mind in relation to the world’s experience.
Both Husserl and Merleau Ponty agreed with Ryle’s rejection on Descartes’s assertion on dualism in different accounts. First, Husserl’s rejected dualism on the ground that consciousness and reality have no natural consensus as some functions like thoughts can split the consensus between mind and body into shreds.
Also, Merleau Ponty supports Ryle’s rejection on dualism the integration of mind and body to create dualism is not perfect since the mind is is made up of structural amalgamations that are controlled by the aspects of life and matter which is embodied. The structural integration of the mind is fragile and incomplete hence making dualism of the mind and body to be incomplete sometimes.
Chapter 6: Question 1
According’s to Kant’s view on self, the actual difference between the transcendental ego and empirical ego is that, while the former is subjective and responsible for creating a unity of empirical self-consciousness that fights to exclude individualism, the latter is objective an and the self of each person which defines the personality and the locus on an individual through means such reflection and awareness that creates individualism.
Kant needs both transcendental and empirical notions to explain the ambiguity existing on the idea of subject existing between the empirical self and the transcendental self. In addition, The two models helps Kant to constitute the factuality existing of humans objectivity and subjectivity since both are inseparable as subjective reality and objective reality are integrated to create actual reality.
Question 3
The enemy of selfhood is social identity and extreme conformity to the masses because individuals tend to use the herd and social aspects as scapegoats to conceal their true identity According to Nietzsche and Kierk...