Assignment 1: Learning and Applying Tests of Significance

Assignment 1- Learning and Applying Tests of Significance Student’s Name Institution Course Instructor Date Mock Study 1: t-Test for Independent Samples Research question Does job satisfaction scores of employees subjected to counseling following an incident of an industrial accident differ statistically with those of employees who were not subjected to counseling? Significance Level (α): 0.01 Hypotheses H₀: There is no difference in job satisfaction scores between employees who participated in counseling and those who did not. H₁: There is a difference in job satisfaction scores between the two groups. SPSS Analysis Date PARTICIPATED IN COUNSELING DID NOT PARTICIPATE IN COUNSELING 35 38 39 36 41 36 36 32 37 30 36 39 37 41 39 35 42 33 38 38 Group Statistics Group N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean JOBSAT 1 10 38.00 2.261 .715 0 10 35.80 3.393 1.073 Independent Samples Test t-test for Equality of Means t df Significance One-Sided p Two-Sided p JOBSAT Equal variances assumed 1.706 18 .053 .105 Equal variances not assumed 1.706 15.676 .054 .108 Independent Samples Test t-test for Equality of Means Mean Difference Std. Error Difference 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Lower Upper JOBSAT Equal variances assumed 2.200 1.289 -.509 4.909 Equal variances not assumed 2.200 1.289 -.538 4.938 Decision and Interpretation Two-sided p-value (Sig. 2-tailed) = 0.105 Alpha (α) = 0.01 Since 0.105 > 0.01, I fail to reject the null hypothesis. Findings, therefore, indicate that the job satisfaction of those who went through counseling and those who did not demonstrate the lack of statistically significant results at the 0.01 level of significance. It means that perhaps we have an opportunity to state that the difference in the observed means might be random in nature. With this observation, the scholar is not able to recommend the deployment of post-accident counseling interventions as a viable strategy aimed at improving job satisfaction. Mock Study 2: t-Test for Dependent Means The objective of the mock is to determine whether there's a significant difference in the number of Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) performed before vs. after group therapy. Hypotheses H₀: There is no difference in the number of ADLs performed before and after therapy. H₁: There is a difference in the number of ADLs performed before and after therapy. Significance level α = 0.05 SPSS Analysis Data CLIENT BEFORE THERAPY AFTER THERAPY A 11 16 B 7 12 C 10 13 D 13 20 E 11 14 F 12 15 G 9 15 H 8 17 I 13 18 J 12 9 Output Paired Samples Statistics Mean N Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean Pair 1 ADLPRE 10.60 10 2.066 .653 ADLPOST 14.90 10 3.143 .994 Paired Samples Correlations N Correlation Significance One-Sided p Two-Sided p Pair 1 ADLPRE & ADLPOST 10 .301 .199 .398 Paired Samples Test Paired Differences t df Significance Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference One-Sided p Two-Sided p Lower Upper Pair 1 ADLPRE - ADLPOST -4.300 3.199 1.012 -6.588 -2.012 -4.251 9 .001 .002 Decision and interpretation Two-sided p-value (Sig. 2-tailed) = 0.002 Alpha (α) = 0.05 Since 0.002 < 0.05, I reject the null hypothesis. There is a statistically significant difference in the number of activities of daily living (ADLs) before and after therapy. Mock Study 3: t-Test for a Single Sample Hypotheses H₀: The mean ADL after therapy is equal to 15. H₁: The mean ADL after therapy is not equal to 15. Significance level Alpha (α) = 0.05 SPSS Analysis Data CLIENT AFTER THERAPY ADL A 17 B 14 C 11 D 23 E 24 F 17 G 14 H 10 I 21 J 11 K 22 L 19 M 15 N 17 O 23 P 12 Q 10 R 15 S 20 T 18 Output One-Sample Statistics N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean ADL 20 16.65 4.557 1.019 ...