Literature Review: Body (Expanded). Qualitative Studies

Literature Review: Expanded
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliation
Literature Review: Expanded
Qualitative Studies
Crane, D., & Ball, H. L. (2016). A qualitative study in parental perceptions and understanding of SIDS-reduction guidance in a UK bi-cultural urban community. BMC Pediatrics, 16, 23. http://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-016-0560-7
The differences in both Sudden Infant death Syndrome (SIDS) rates and infant care practices between British and Asian people are well understood. However, it is not well know how the two groups understand and implement the SIDS-reduction guidelines. The study sought to answer the following questions: How do the white British and Pakistani mothers in Bradford recall, understand and interpret SIDS-reduction guidance? And how do the mothers from these two groups implement the guidance in caring for their infants? The study utilized an in-depth narrative interviews. A total of 46 mothers (25 white British and 21 Pakistani) with 8-12 week old infants were recruited from a group of participants who were already enrolled in Born in Bradford cohort study. The results of the study demonstrated that all mothers were aware of the SIDS-reduction guidance as they were provided with during their antenatal or postnatal period. The Pakistani mothers had a tendency of dismissing the guidelines claiming that they are not supported by their cultural practices. Also, British mothers tended to dismiss the guidance but adapted certain aspects that supported their parenting styles and personal circumstances. Consequently, the study revealed that the mothers misunderstood and misinterpreted the guidelines and followed their social and cultural practices in caring for their infants. The study raises a number of questions with the most important one being to what extent should SIDS intervention strategies be tailored to reflect the cultural and social and ecological contexts of the mothers?
Mmusi-Phetoe, R. M. (2016). Social factors determining maternal and neonatal mortality in South Africa: A qualitative study. Curationis, 39(1), 1-8.
The maternal mortality ratio in South Africa has been on the rise against the Millennium Development Goals 5. This demonstrates a slow progress in the improvement if maternal health. Consequently, the neonatal mortality rate has also been on the rise against the MDG5. A number of factors has been discussed in relation to maternal neonatal mortality rates but little focus on the social-economic factors. The study sought to answer the question what social factors determine maternal and neonatal mortality rates in South African communities? Audio-taped individual interviews were conducted. 10 pregnant women were recruited from the antenatal clinic in a public hospital. Due to low English literacy levels, the interviews were conducted in a local language isiZulu and translated into English later on by the researcher who was fluent in both languages. The World Health Organizations’ (WHO) Commission on Social Determinants of Health framework was utilized in analysing the data. The Results of the study demonstrated that poverty was the underlying factor in increasing the chances of illness and deaths in mothers and their neonates. Other factors that were found to be significant include nutritional inadequacies, HIV, powerlessness of women, neglect and abuse by male partners, violation of reproductive rights among others. The study does not provide a detailed analysis of interventions that can be used to address these causes of maternal and neonatal mortalities.
Moon, R. Y., Oden, R. P., Joyner, B. L., & Ajao, T. I. (2010). Qualitative analysis of beliefs and perceptions about sudden infant death syndrome in African-American mothers: implications for safe sleep recommendations. The Journal of pediatrics, 157(1), 92-97.
Despite the decline in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in USA since the introduction of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommendations in regard to infant sleep position in 1992, African-American infants are more likely to die from the syndrome as compared to Caucasian infants. There is little knowledge to how parents perceive SIDS and how these perception impact their decisions to follow the AAP recommendations. Previous studies have addressed the factors that influence parental decisions about sleep position and bed sharing in low-income African-American families but no studies have addressed the perceptions and beliefs of these parents in regard to SIDS. The study sought to answer the question “what are the perceptions of African-American parents in regard to sudden infant death syndrome?” Both focus group and individual in-depth semi-structured interviews with African-American parents were used in the study. 83 mothers participated in the studies where the interviews sought to establish the reasons for the decisions they make in regard to infant sleep conditions and factors that influence such decisions. The collected data was coded after which themes were developed to help in the analysis. The themes included vigilance, lack of plausibility and randomness. Majority of the mothers believed that the association between infant sleep...