General psychology

General Psychology Paper Student's Name Institutional Affiliation Course Code & Title Professor's Name Submission Date 9. Will and Volitional Qualities. Scientific Theories and Approaches for Explanation of Will. Essence of Volitional Processes. Will and Volitional Control. Will and Volitional Action. Stages of Volitional Action. Volitional Qualities. Will and Volitional Qualities Will and volitional characteristics are fundamental components of human life and personality. Will is a mental faculty whereby one deliberately chooses or decides on a course of action. At the same time, volitional attributes are the traits and features associated with an individual's ability to exert self-control, achieve goals, and resist temptation (Vygotsky, 1978). Scientific Theories and Approaches for Explanation of Will Many scientific theories and concepts describe the essence of the will and volitional processes. For example, cognitive psychology investigates how cognitive processes, including decision-making, intention formation, and self-regulation, are involved in expressing will (Groome & Eysenck, 2016). From this point of view, willpower can be defined as the outcome of intricate cognitive processes that comprise attention, memory, and executive functions (Funder, 2013). The theories imply that personality traits like conscientiousness and self-efficacy allow a person to effectively muster self-control and pursue long-term goals (Carver & Scheier, 2012; Cloninger, 2012). Essence of Volitional Processes Volitional processes consist of cognitive, affective, and behavioral mechanisms related to the beginning, carrying out, and controlling goal-directed actions. Volitional processes essentially represent the combination of motivational variables with cognitive tactics that help to surmount challenges, thus producing the desired result (Vygotsky, 1978). Volitional processes are distinguished by their dynamic and adaptive nature, which permits an individual to adapt to changes in a person's surroundings flexibly. Will and Volitional Control Will and volitional control is the ability to control the intentional influence over one's thoughts, emotions, and actions. Volitional control consists of the capacity to control impulses, defer gratification, and suppress undesirable behaviors in the name of long-term objectives. Strong-willed individuals exhibit more self-control, patience, and resilience to obstacles (Vygotsky, 1978). Will and Volitional Action Will and volitional behavior include the deliberate commencement and carrying out of the behavior consistent with one's goals and values. Volitional actions are purposive, reflecting the person's intent to accomplish specific outcomes. Volitional actions are frequently expensive to mobilize. Different internal and external factors, such as motivational states, environmental cues, and social norms, determine volitional behavior (Vygotsky, 1978). Stages of Volitional Action Volitional action execution typically consists of stages: setting a goal, planning, initiating, implementing, and monitoring. At the goal-setting stage, people define their goals and set criteria for achieving them. Individuals then undertake strategic planning and map out the procedures required to reach an aim and anticipate possible hurdles. After the plan is adopted, people start activating their resources and making the first moves toward the goal-achievement. During the execution stage, people continually watch their progress, adapt to their tactics when necessary to get the job done, and stay motivated and focused on the activities. At last, following the action, people asses their performance and outcomes, thinking of their success and areas to make better (Vygotsky, 1978). Volitional Qualities Volitional qualities include several features and a...