Annotated Bibliogrpahy about Osteoporosis and Periodental Diseases

Annotated Bibliography
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Annotated Bibliography
Mashalkar, V. N., Suragimath, G., Zope, S. A., & Varma, S. A. (2018). A Cross-Sectional Study to Assess and Correlate Osteoporosis and Periodontitis among Postmenopausal Women: A Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Study. Journal of mid-life health, 9(1), 2–7. https://doi.org/10.4103/jmh.JMH_39_17
The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the correlation between osteoporosis and periodontal disease among post-menopausal women.
Inclusion criteria included postmenopausal women aged between 45 and 65, suffering from periodontitis but with at least 20 natural teeth. Exclusion criteria included women suffering from parathyroid disease, metabolic disease, thyroid disease, gastrointestinal disorder, or any malignancy and with a history of early onset of menopause. Others who were not considered included patients who used any forms of tobacco, those with a history of hysterectomy or undergone periodontal treatment within the past 6 months, and those on long-term steroid medication, hormone replacement therapy, and calcium supplements.
Ninety-four adult patients over the age of 45-65 years, who met the inclusion criteria, were recruited and enrolled in the 10-month study. Patients were divided into three groups, i.e. as healthy, osteopenia, and osteoporotic patients based on their T score obtained by bone mineral density (BMD) test using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan. There were no reported dropouts since all patients underwent the DXA scan. Participants' data regarding their educational level, socioeconomic status (SES), and body mass index (BMI) were recorded.
A detailed periodontal examination was conducted using...